Fig. 3

Association between COPD and prevalence of CVD in adults aged 40 years and above. A, Unadjusted model: with no covariate adjustment; B, Minimally adjusted model: with adjustment of age, gender, and race; C, Fully adjusted model: with adjustment of age, gender, race, body mass index, smoking status, education level, annual family income, blood eosinophil counts, and comorbidities, including asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval