Fig. 3
From: Association of spirometric restriction with mortality in the silicotics: a cohort study
The combined effect of smoking with (a) restrictive spirometry pattern and (b) airflow obstruction on all-cause death
The hazard ratios of all-cause mortality by smoking and spirometric restriction (a) were estimated in 2602 subjects without airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC ≥ 0.70) at baseline and adjusted for age, BMI, tuberculosis, cumulative silica exposure, smoking pack-years, characteristics of small opacities (shape, size, profusion), and progressive massive fibrosis. The hazard ratio of all-cause mortality by smoking and airflow obstruction (b) was estimated in 3277 subjects without spirometric restriction (FVC < 80% predicted) at baseline and adjusted for age, BMI, tuberculosis, cumulative silica exposure, smoking pack-years, characteristics of small opacities (shape, size, profusion), and progressive massive fibrosis. Never smokers with normal spirometry at baseline were used as reference. Data are presented as the hazard ratio with 95% confidence interval
Abbreviations: RSP, restrictive spirometry pattern; AFO, airflow obstruction; BMI, body mass index