Sex differences in comorbidities and mortality risk among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a study based on NHANES data

Table 3 Adjusted odds ratio for women compared to men for the prevalence of comorbidities among participants with COPD aged 40–79, U.S. NHANES 2007–2012

Comorbidity	Odds Ratio	Lower 95%	Upper 95%	P value
Cardiovascular disease
Hypertension	1.13	0.88	1.45	0.344
Congestive heart failure	0.73	0. 39	1.36	0.319
Coronary heart disease	0.48	0.27	0.87	0.015
Angina pectoris	0.88	0. 43	1.80	0.735
Heart attack	0.67	0.38	1.16	0.151
Stroke	1.45	0.85	2.46	0.171
Dyslipidemia	0. 91	0.71	1.17	0.465
Diabetes	0.99	0.70	1.39	0.934
Gout	0.42	0.25	0. 70	0.001
Asthma	1.93	1.46	2.57	<0.001
Arthritis	1.77	1.39	2.24	<0.001
Anemia	0.97	0.59	1.60	0.897
Cancer or malignancy	1.21	0.89	1.64	0.223
Sleep disorders	0.74	0.49	1.11	0.141

Adjusted for age, race/Hispanic ethnicity, BMI, smoking status, FEV1% predicted and prevalent comorbidities (including hypertension, congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, heart attack, stroke, dyslipidemia, diabetes, gout, asthma, arthritis, anemia, cancer or malignancy and sleep disorders)

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