Fig. 10

VD3 eliminated autophagy in hypoxia-induced co-culture system of alveolar epithelial cells and hepatocytes. A The images of TEM showed that autophagosome accumulation in hypoxia-induced alveolar epithelial cells (magnification, × 20,000). B mRNA levels of LC3B-II, p62, and Beclin-1 were determined through RT-qPCR. C and D The expression of LC3 I, LC3 II, p62, and Beclin-1 in lung were assessed using Western blot analysis. Load control: β-actin. E and F PINK1, Parkin, and Mfn1 protein expression were measured by Western blot analysis. COXIV, mitochondria loading control. G and H Flow cytometric analysis of mitochondrial membrane potential by JC-1 in hypoxia-induced alveolar epithelial cells. Means and standard deviations (SD) were used to represent the data. Statistical analyses (two group comparisons) were performed using Students t-test. A one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test of means was used for multiple group comparisons. ^** P < 0.01 vs Normoxia, ^# P < 0.05 vs Hypoxia, ^## P < 0.01 vs Hypoxia