Fig. 6

Human recombinant gVPLA2 induces mitochondrial dynamics disorder and mitochondrial dysfunction in A549 cells. A Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the changes in mitochondrial structure and morphology in different groups of cells; scale bar, 500 nm. B The expression of the mitochondrial fission protein DRP1 and the mitochondrial fusion proteins OPA1 and MFN2. C-E The relative expression of DRP1, OPA1 and MFN2 using GAPDH as the internal reference protein. F The levels of ATP. Data are shown the mean ± SD (n = 6). dP < 0.05 vs. CON and DMSO groups. CON, blank control; DMSO,dimethyl sulfoxide solvent control; PLA, human recombinant gVPLA2-treated