Comparison of breathing pattern and diaphragmatic motion in patients with unilateral cervical radiculopathy and asymptomatic group

Table 3 Excursion of hemi diaphragm (millimeter) in the radiculopathy group compared to the matched hemi diaphragm in the control group

Side of radiculopathy	Phase	Hemi diaphragm side	Radiculopathy [Mean (SD)]	Control [Mean (SD)]	P value	ES
Right cervical radiculopathy (n = 15)	1	Right	15.23 (9.73)	30.77 (10.32)	< 0.001^**	1.54
	1	Left	23.13 (11.96)	31.24 (10.18)	0.03	0.73
	2	Right	35.05 (15.80)	68.84 (21.13)	< 0.001^**	1.81
	2	Left	47.13 (17.15)	68.21 (21.33)	0.002^*	1.08
Left cervical radiculopathy (n = 10)	1	Right	26.71 (7.89)	30.77 (10.32)	0.27	1.02
	1	Left	17.82 (8.09)	31.24 (10.18)	0.001^*	1.45
	2	Right	54.25 (21.01)	68.84 (21.13)	0.07	0.69
	2	Left	40.09 (16.05)	68.21 (21.33)	0.001^*	1.48

Abbreviations: ES, effect size; Note: phase 1, the difference between the hemi diaphragms excursion during inspiration and rest; phase 2, the difference between the hemi diaphragms excursion during inspiration and expiration
^*: P < 0.025, ^**: P < 0.001

ISSN: 1471-2466