Table 2 Dietary status of COPD cases and controls
Variables | COPD (n = 111) | Control (n = 111) | P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|
Energy (Kcal) | 1758.57 ± 493.32 | 1899.00 ± 417.85 | 0.023 |
Carbohydrate (Gm) | 250.65 ± 74.01 | 268.20 ± 62.93 | 0.040 |
Protein (Gm) | 69.35 ± 19.40 | 76.16 ± 17.25 | 0.006 |
Fat (Gm) | 56.01 ± 15.20 | 61.90 ± 13.34 | 0.002 |
Total dietary fiber (Gm) | 11.19 ± 3.59 | 12.72 ± 2.92 | 0.001 |
Thiamin (mg) | 1.70 ± 0.52 | 1.83 ± 0.43 | 0.046 |
Riboflavin (mg) | 1.80 ± 0.55 | 1.99 ± 0.51 | 0.009 |
Niacin (mg) | 18.08 ± 5.62 | 20.12 ± 5.02 | 0.005 |
Vitamin B6 (mg) | 1.07 ± 0.33 | 1.22 ± 0.32 | < 0.001 |
Folate (Ug) | 250.00 ± 75.33 | 275.48 ± 75.11 | 0.012 |
Vitamin D (Ug) | 1.20 ± 0.85 | 1.13 ± 0.86 | |
Vitamin E (mg) | 3.15 ± 1.18 | 3.44 ± 1.07 | 0.036 |
Vitamin A (Ug) | 1388.44 ± 769.66 | 1596.05 ± 763.34 | 0 0.045 |
Vitamin C (mg) | 67.92 ± 25.97 | 83.43 ± 27.28 | < 0.001 |
Vitamin B12 (Ug) | 7.24 ± 4.70 | 9.62 ± 5.84 | 0.001 |
Zn (mg) | 8.15 ± 2.31 | 8.89 ± 1.96 | 0 0.010 |
Ca (mg) | 763.89 ± 267.72 | 788.21 ± 221.21 | |
Fe (mg) | 13.19 ± 4.05 | 14.33 ± 3.43 | 0.024 |