Analyzing lung cancer risks in patients with impaired pulmonary function through characterization of gut microbiome and metabolites

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the patients

	Lung Cancer patients (n = 55)	Benign diseases patients (n = 28)	P value
Age yrs
mean ± SD	56.80 ± 17.39	57.71 ± 13.24	0.808
Gender
Male, n (%)	28 (50.9%)	17 (60.7%)	0.397
Female, n (%)	27 (49.1%)	11(39.3%)	0.397
Body Mass Index (kg/m²)
mean ± SD	24.84 ± 2.94	25.51 ± 3.50	0.391
Glucose
mean ± SD	5.15 ± 2.62	4.65 ± 1.06	0.225
White Blood cell
mean ± SD	5.93 ± 1.45	6.72 ± 2.17	0.078
hemoglobin oxygen saturation
mean ± SD	97.17 ± 1.24	96.93 ± 1.39	0.431
Smoking status
Never smoking	44 (80%)	24 (85.7%)	0.183
Ever smoking	4 (7.3%)	0
Current smoking	7 (12.7%)	4 (14.3%)
Pulmonary function
ZC ^(a)	21 (38.2%)	15 (75%)	0.016*
QD ^(b)	22 (40%)	3 (15%)
ZZD ^(c)	12 (21.8%)	2 (10%)
Tumor stage
Stage I, n (%)	43 (78.2%)
Stage II, n (%)	7 (12.7%)
Stage III, n (%)	3 (5.5%)
Stage IV, n (%)	2 (3.6%)
Tumor type
Adenocarcinoma, n (%)	44 (84.6%)
Squamous cell carcinoma, n (%)	6 (11.5%)
small-cell carcinoma, n (%)	2 (3.8)

^(a) Normal pulmonary function; ^(b) Mild pulmonary ventilation dysfunction; ^(c) moderate or above pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. *P < 0.05.

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