Table 4 Observations

Task 1: Simulation of a bronchoscopic airway inspection

Number of segments identified

19 (19–19)

19 (19–19)

19 (19–19)

N/A

0.001

Number of participants entering segment RB1 without an endoscopic instrument in the working channel?

2/7

0/7

7/7

N/A

Number of participants entering segment RB6 of the model without an endoscopic instrument in the working channel?

7/7

7/7

7/7

N/A

Was it possible to maneuver the bronchoscope into RB1 with an endoscopic instrument visible on the camera image?

0/7

0/7

7/7

N/A

Was it possible to maneuver the bronchoscope into RB6 with an endoscopic instrument visible on the camera image?

7/7

7/7

7/7

N/A

How far could the bronchoscope be advanced into a segment of the right lower lobe of the model? (cm)

12.25 (9–15)

13 (11.5–16.5)

12.75 (9-18.5)

14.5 (10.5–19)

N/A

How far could the bronchoscope be advanced into a segment of the left upper lobe of the model? (cm)

8.75 (6–11)

9.5 (8-12.5)

11 (8–18)

8.75 (5–14)

N/A

How many times was it necessary to clean the lens inside the model?

0 (0–3)

0 (0–0)

0 (0–2)

1 (0–5)

N/A

How many times was it necessary to remove the bronchoscope to clean the lens?

0 (0–3)

0 (0–0)

0 (0–1)

0 (0–4)

N/A

Task 2: Simulation of a BAL

How much fluid was instilled in the model? (ml)

150 (150–150)

150 (150–150)

150 (150–150)

150 (150–150)

0.017

Was there any leakage of fluids from the model during the installation?

6/6

2/6

2/6

0/6

How much fluid was retracted from the model during suctioning? (ml)

52 (30–65)

132.5 (88–144)

22 (7.5–90)

134 (120–150)

Task 3: Simulation of a tissue sampling

Was it possible to perform three sampling procedures in the model?

0/7

0/7

7/7

7/7

< 0.001