Table 1 Characteristics between COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure with and without cancer

    Age, year, median

80

73

82

0.001

    Male

145(67.4)

43(66.2)

102(68)

0.791

    Body mass index, kg/m², median

21.9

22.84

21.71

0.521

     BMI^a < 18

36(18.3)

18.5(20.3)

24(16)

0.624

     BMI > 24

62(31.5)

23(35.4)

39(26)

0.138

    Vaccination doses, median

2

2

2

0.392

     Ever vaccinated

143(66.5)

45(69.2)

98(65.3)

0.730

     Fully vaccinated (> = 3 doses)

93(43.3)

32(49.2)

61(40.7)

0.244

    Smoker

53(24.7)

20(30.8)

33(22)

0.171

    DNR^a

146(67.9)

47(72.3)

99(66)

0.363

    Cerebrovascular disease

37(17.2)

6(9.2)

31(20.7)

0.041

    Dementia

21(14.4)

5(7.7)

26(17.3)

0.065

    Heart failure

22(10.2)

1(1.5)

21(14%)

0.003

    Myocardial infarction

3(1.4)

0

3(2)

0.338

    Peripheral vascular disease

11(5.1)

2(3.1)

9(6)

0.372

    Diabetes mellitus

86(40)

22(33.8)

64(42.7)

0.225

    Chronic kidney disease

50(23.3)

12(19.5)

34(24)

0.539

    End stage renal disease

24(11.2)

5(7.7)

19(12.7)

0.287

    Peptic ulcer

8(3.7)

0

8(5.3)

0.057

    Hepatobiliary disease

21(9.8)

11(16.9)

10(6.7)

0.051

    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

14(6.5)

4(6.2)

10(6.7)

0.889

    Bronchiectasis

1(0.5)

0

1(0.7)

0.696

    Interstitial lung disease

2(0.9)

1(1.5)

1(0.7)

0.516

    Chronic oxygen use

9(4.2)

3(4.6)

6(4)

0.546

    White blood cells, 10⁹/L

11,150

10,060

11,640

0.800

    Absolute lymphocyte count, 10⁹/L

708

546.8

781.6

0.003

    Albumin, g/dL

3.05

3.1

3

0.795

    C-reactive protein, mg/dL

6.1

6.89

5.91

0.331

    Procalcitonin, ng/mL

0.72

0.68

0.75

0.909

    Ferritin, ng/mL

668

1035

529

0.002

    Lactic dehydrogenase, U/L

363

423

339

0.010

    Lactate, mg/dL

23.3

26.4

23.15

0.274

    D-dimer, ug/mL

2.472

2.35

2.62

0.600

    Fibrinogen, mg/dL

381

378.1

390.7

0.453

    Platelet count, /uL

182,000

159,000

186,500

0.090

    PaO2/FiO2 ratio, median

140

134.9

144

0.437

    SOFA^a score, median

8

8

8

0.705

    APACHE II^a score, median

24

24

24

0.612

    MAP score^b, median

1

1

0.5

0.022

    Vasopressor use

70(32.6)

28(43.1)

42(28)

0.030

    GCS^a, median

7

8

7

0.286

    Mechanical ventilation

131(60.9)

42(64.6)

89(59.3)

0.466

    Surgery

60(27.9)

16(24.6)

44(29.3)

0.479

    New renal replacement therapy during admission

21(9.8)

10(15.4)

11(7.3)

0.068

    Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

8(3.7)

5(7.7)

3(2)

0.056

    Tocilizumab

76(35.3)

30(46.2)

46(30.7)

0.029

    Remdesivir

169(78.6)

59(90.8)

110(73.3)

0.004

    Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir

6(2.8)

4(6.2)

2(1.3)

0.117

    Molnupiravir

11(5.1)

2(3.1)

9(6)

0.511

    Enoxaparin

72(33.5)

22(33.8)

50(33.3)

0.942

    Corticosteroid

184(85.6)

61(93.8)

123(82)

0.023

    CMV^a infection

38(17.7)

16(24.6)

22(14.7)

0.198

    Gastrointestinal bleeding

62(28.8)

17(26.2)

45(30)

0.567

    Thromboembolism

13(6.0)

7(10.8)

6(4)

0.084

    ICU^a admission

159(77.6)

48(73)

111(74)

0.987

    Hospital length of stay, days, median

27

28

25

0.971

    In-hospital mortality

94(43.7)

40(61.5)

54(36)

0.002

    28 days mortality

69(30.7)

24(36.9)

42(28)

0.193

    Time from symptoms onset to 1st Ct^a > 30, days, median

11

13

10

0.007