Table 2 Clinical features of patients with bronchiectasis and airflow obstruction treated with inhaled combination therapies
|  | ICS/LABA/LAMA (n = 58) | ICS/LABA (n = 52) | LABA/LAMA (n = 69) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Etiology of bronchiectasis | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Post-infectious, n (%) | 28 (48.3) | 14 (26.9) | 29 (42.0) | 0.064 |
Idiopathic, n (%) | 16 (27.6) | 18 (34.6) | 24 (34.8) | 0.635 |
Chronic airway disease, n (%) | 9 (15.5) | 10 (19.2) | 8 (11.6) | 0.506 |
ABPA, n (%) | 2 (3.4) | 5 (9.6) | 3 (4.3) | 0.316 |
GERD, n (%) | 2 (3.4) | 4 (7.7) | 3 (4.3) | 0.565 |
Connective tissue disease, n (%) | 0 | 1 (1.9) | 1 (1.4) | 0.598 |
Immunosuppression, n (%) | 1 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.4) | 0.654 |
Respiratory symptoms | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Cough, n (%) | 25 (43.1) | 23 (44.2) | 25 (36.2) | 0.614 |
Non-purulent sputum, n (%) | 20 (34.5) | 8 (15.4) | 7 (10.1) | 0.002 |
Purulent sputum, n (%) | 12 (20.7) | 9 (17.3) | 17 (24.6) | 0.616 |
Hemoptysis, n (%) | 11 (19.0) | 9 (17.3) | 18 (26.1) | 0.443 |
Chest discomfort, n (%) | 2 (3.4) | 1 (1.9) | 1 (1.4) | 0.738 |
Dyspnea, n (%) | 45 (77.6) | 34 (65.4) | 45 (65.2) | 0.248 |
Adjuvant treatments | Â | Â | Â | Â |
N-acetylcystein, n (%) | 19 (32.8) | 9 (17.3) | 11 (15.9) | 0.048 |
Ambroxol, n (%) | 19 (32.8) | 11 (21.2) | 20 (29.0) | 0.388 |
Erdosteine, n (%) | 39 (67.2) | 26 (50.0) | 31 (44.9) | 0.035 |
Bronchial artery embolization history, n (%) | 9 (15.5) | 4 (7.7) | 14 (20.3) | 0.158 |
Long–term oxygen therapy, n (%) | 47 (81.0) | 33 (64.7) | 41 (59.4) | 0.029 |
Laboratory tests | Â | Â | Â | Â |
White blood cell, 1000/uL mean (SD) | 9.54 (13.03) | 7.65 (2.39) | 8.03 (2.87) | 0.391 |
Hemoglobin, g/dl, mean (SD) | 14.45 (3.69) | 13.46 (1.48) | 13.02 (1.74) | 0.006 |
Platelet, 1000/uL, mean (SD) | 248 (79) | 266 (87) | 248 (93) | 0.459 |
Blood eosinophil count, /uL, mean (SD) | 408 (223) | 467 (355) | 239 (223) | < 0.001 |
Blood eosinophil count, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
< 150/uL | 0 | 0 | 28 (41.2) | < 0.001 |
150–299/uL | 20 (34.5) | 22 (42.3) | 23 (33.8) | 0.529 |
≥ 300/uL | 38 (65.5) | 30 (57.7) | 17 (25.0) | < 0.001 |
hs-CRP, median (IQR) | 0.78 (0–2.05) | 0.35 (0–0.70) | 1.56 (0.89–2.23) | 0.001 |
Spirometric examination | Â | Â | Â | Â |
FVC, L, mean (SD) | 2.79 (0.72) | 2.63 (0.98) | 2.43 (0.69) | 0.035 |
FVC, %, mean (SD) | 76.38 (17.34) | 79.75 (20.02) | 70.80 (16.84) | 0.023 |
FEV1, L, mean (SD) | 1.22 (0.43) | 1.44 (0.61) | 1.19 (0.44) | 0.016 |
FEV1, %, mean (SD) | 47.33 (15.07) | 62.87 (22.85) | 49.86 (15.56) | < 0.001 |
FEV1/FVC, %, mean (SD) | 44.13 (12.32) | 56.02 (13.37) | 49.66 (12.96) | < 0.001 |
DLCO, L, mean (SD) | 10.73 (4.88) | 13.10 (5.59) | 10.89 (5.16) | 0.046 |
DLCO, %, mean (SD) | 63.54 (22.29) | 75.23 (27.99) | 66.89 (27.90) | 0.083 |
DLCO/VA, L, mean (SD) | 2.92 (1.13) | 3.54 (1.15) | 3.08 (1.26) | 0.031 |
DLCO/VA, %, mean (SD) | 76.85 (27.87) | 93.25 (28.10) | 82.11 (31.59) | 0.022 |
BDR positivity, n (%) | 15 (25.9) | 16 (30.8) | 6 (8.8) | 0.007 |
Predominant morphology in CT | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Cylindrical, n (%) | 27 (46.6) | 22 (42.3) | 22 (31.9) | 0.218 |
Varicose, n (%) | 17 (29.3) | 18 (34.6) | 29 (42.0) | 0.323 |
Cystic, n (%) | 14 (24.1) | 12 (23.1) | 18 (26.1) | 0.926 |
Total number of lobe involvement in CT, mean (SD) | 2.64 (1.53) | 2.29 (1.42) | 2.75 (1.58) | 0.238 |