Table 1 Baseline characteristics

Age, years

 Median (range), mm

64 (56–72)

 Age > 70, N (%)

157 (68.9%)

Gender, N (%)

 Male

133 (58.3%)

 Female

95 (41.7%)

Lesion size, median (range)

 Average diameter, mm

21 (15.5–29)

 Diameter ≤ 2 cm, N (%)

105 (46.1%)

Lesion location, N (%)

Left: 94; Right: 134

 Upper

112

 Middle

20

 Lower

96

Bronchus sign, N (%)

 Yes

200 (87.7%)

  Bronchus passage sign

130 (57.0%)

  Bronchus truncation sign

70 (30.7%)

 No

28 (12.3%)

Lesion type, N (%)

 Solid

140 (61.4%)

 Part-solid

72 (31.6%)

 Pure GGO

16 (7.0%)

Imaging tool, N (%)

 VBN + CBCT

24 (10.5%)

 VBN + CBCT + r-EBUS

80 (35.1%)

 VBN + CBCT + r-EBUS + ROSE

124 (54.4%)