Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants
Variables | Total (n = 397) | survivor (n = 377) | non-survivor (n = 20) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 72.6 ± 9.5 | 72.3 ± 9.5 | 77.8 ± 7.3 | 0.011 |
Sex, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.39 |
 Male | 201 (50.6) | 189 (50.1) | 12 (60) |  |
 Female | 196 (49.4) | 188 (49.9) | 8 (40) |  |
Los, days | 10.0(7.0,12.0) | 10.0(7.0,13.0) | 4.0 (2.0,8.8) |  < 0.001 |
Smoking status, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.648 |
 Never | 178 (44.8) | 171 (45.4) | 7 (35) |  |
 Former | 136 (34.3) | 128 (34) | 8 (40) |  |
 Now | 83 (20.9) | 78 (20.7) | 5 (25) |  |
SBP, mmHg | 136.5 ± 24.5 | 136.6 ± 24.1 | 135.6 ± 31.8 | 0.866 |
DBP, mmHg | 80.9 ± 16.1 | 81.0 ± 15.7 | 79.2 ± 21.9 | 0.632 |
Respiratory rate,(times/min) | 21.8 ± 2.5 | 21.8 ± 2.6 | 21.8 ± 1.8 | 0.944 |
Heart rate, (bpm) | 96.8 ± 18.5 | 96.2 ± 18.2 | 107.0 ± 21.8 | 0.011 |
ICS, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.003 |
 No | 136 (34.3) | 123 (32.6) | 13 (65) |  |
 Yes | 261 (65.7) | 254 (67.4) | 7 (35) |  |
ventilator, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.006 |
 No | 198 (49.9) | 182 (48.3) | 16 (80) |  |
 Yes | 199 (50.1) | 195 (51.7) | 4 (20) |  |
Respiratory failure type, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.494 |
 I | 131 (33.0) | 123 (32.6) | 8 (40) |  |
 II | 266 (67.0) | 254 (67.4) | 12 (60) |  |
DM,n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 1 |
 No | 354 (89.2) | 336 (89.1) | 18 (90) |  |
 Yes | 43 (10.8) | 41 (10.9) | 2 (10) |  |
HBP, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.923 |
 No | 262 (66.0) | 249 (66) | 13 (65) |  |
 Yes | 135 (34.0) | 128 (34) | 7 (35) |  |
CHD, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.405 |
 No | 310 (78.1) | 296 (78.5) | 14 (70) |  |
 Yes | 87 (21.9) | 81 (21.5) | 6 (30) |  |
cor pulmonale, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.847 |
 No | 210 (52.9) | 199 (52.8) | 11 (55) |  |
 Yes | 187 (47.1) | 178 (47.2) | 9 (45) |  |
Heart.failure, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.113 |
 No | 230 (57.9) | 215 (57) | 15 (75) |  |
 Yes | 167 (42.1) | 162 (43) | 5 (25) |  |
NEWS score category, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.26 |
 Low | 38 ( 9.6) | 38 (10.1) | 0 (0) |  |
 Medium | 125 (31.5) | 120 (31.8) | 5 (25) |  |
 High | 234 (58.9) | 219 (58.1) | 15 (75) |  |
PaO2,(mmHg) | 53.4 ± 16.4 | 53.3 ± 16.4 | 54.6 ± 17.3 | 0.73 |
PCO2,(mmHg) | 59.7 ± 19.6 | 59.7 ± 19.5 | 60.2 ± 23.6 | 0.905 |
PH | 7.4 (7.3, 7.4) | 7.4 (7.3, 7.4) | 7.3 (7.2,7.4) | 0.074 |
WBC,(10*9) | 8.6 ± 4.2 | 8.5 ± 3.8 | 12.0 ± 8.0 |  < 0.001 |
NEU% | 77.6 ± 12.2 | 77.2 ± 12.3 | 85.2 ± 8.6 | 0.004 |
HB, (g/L) | 135.1 ± 23.5 | 135.4 ± 23.6 | 128.2 ± 21.4 | 0.178 |
Platelet, (10*9) | 209.8 ± 93.1 | 209.2 ± 90.6 | 219.7 ± 134.2 | 0.623 |
ALB, (g/L) | 35.2 ± 4.7 | 35.3 ± 4.5 | 33.0 ± 6.3 | 0.033 |
BUN,(mmol/L) | 6.5 (5.0, 9.0) | 6.4 (4.9, 8.8) | 10.1 (6.4, 14.4) | 0.003 |
Creatinine, (umol/L) | 63.5 (50.5, 81.3) | 62.7 (50.2, 79.4) | 100.4 (65.4, 123.7) | 0.001 |
Potassium,(mmol/L) | 4.1 ± 0.7 | 4.1 ± 0.6 | 4.2 ± 1.2 | 0.848 |
Sodium, (mmol/L) | 139.3 ± 4.8 | 139.2 ± 4.7 | 140.8 ± 5.6 | 0.127 |