Fig. 1

Characterization of nanoparticles and drug release. (a, b) Particle size distribution and TEM images of Lipo@DDP (a) and Lipo@DDP@miR-219a-5p@FA (b); (c) FT-IR spectra of Lipo@DDP, Lipo@DDP@miR-219a-5p, and Lipo@DDP@miR-219a-5p@FA; (d) Zeta potentials of the nanoparticles in PBS buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.5; (e) Gel electrophoresis of DDP and miR-219a-5p at different molar ratios in the nanoparticles; (f) Drug release profiles of DDP from the nanoparticles at different pH conditions (pH = 5.0/6.5/7.4) within 72 h