Variable | Total (N = 14,007) | Male (N = 11,020) | Female (N = 2987) | P Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (median, IQR) | 72.32 ± 10.39 | 71.86 ± 10.23 | 74.02 ± 10.79 | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 21.58 ± 4.07 | 21.38 ± 3.88 | 22.44 ± 4.69 | < 0.001 |
BMI<18(kg/m2) | 1517(19.4) | 1270(20.0) | 247(17.0) | 0.009 |
Smoker( n, %) | 8652(61.8) | 8351(75.8) | 301(10.1) | < 0.001 |
 Pack-years | 39.44 ± 26.57 | 39.92 ± 26.64 | 25.31 ± 19.76 | < 0.001 |
 Current smoker (n, %) | 2738(19.6) | 2632(23.9) | 106(3.6) | < 0.001 |
 Former smoker (n, %) | 5914(42.7) | 5719(52.4) | 195(6.6) | < 0.001 |
Frequency of hospitalization due to AECOPD in the past year (times), (n, %) | Â | 0.284 | ||
 <2 | 4221(71.0) | 3440(70.7) | 781(72.3) |  |
 ≥ 2 | 1726(29.0) | 1427(29.3) | 299(27.7) |  |
FEV1/FVC (%) | 52.65 ± 13.45 | 51.00 ± 13.62 | 57.27 ± 11.82 | < 0.001 |
FEV1/% predicted (%) | 48.19 ± 23.85 | 44.72 ± 21.77 | 59.03 ± 26.80 | < 0.001 |
Comorbidities (n, %) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Coronary heart disease | 1546(11.0) | 1219(11.1) | 327(10.9) | 0.860 |
Heart failure | 1609(11.5) | 1153(10.5) | 456(15.3) | < 0.001 |
Heart valve problems | 250(1.8) | 186(1.7) | 64(2.1) | 0.096 |
Arrhythmia | 1187(8.5) | 871(7.9) | 316(10.6) | < 0.001 |
Pulmonary tuberculosis | 635(4.5) | 564(5.1) | 71(2.4) | < 0.001 |
Bronchiectasis | 1198(8.6) | 815(7.4) | 383(12.8) | < 0.001 |
ILD | 403(2.9) | 326(3.0) | 77(2.6) | 0.270 |
Asthma | 462(3.3) | 286(2.6) | 176(5.9) | < 0.001 |
OSAHS | 84(0.6) | 62(0.6) | 22(0.7) | 0.275 |
Chronic pulmonary heart disease | 2905(20.7) | 2092(19.0) | 813(27.2) | < 0.001 |
Hypertension | 4679(33.4) | 3514(31.9) | 1165(39.0) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes | 1804(12.9) | 1306(11.9) | 498(16.7) | < 0.001 |
Stroke | 784(5.6) | 615(5.6) | 169(5.7) | 0.871 |
Venous thromboembolism | 520(3.7) | 359(3.3) | 161(5.4) | < 0.001 |
Active cancer | 800(5.7) | 667(6.1) | 133(4.5) | 0.001 |
Chronic renal insufficiency | 514(3.7) | 376(3.4) | 138(4.6) | 0.002 |
Anxiety-depression | 106(0.8) | 69(0.6) | 37(1.2) | 0.001 |
No. of comorbidities | 1.84 ± 1.60 | 1.73 ± 1.57 | 2.23 ± 1.65 | < 0.001 |