Table 1 Characteristics of study participants
From: Patient experience with bronchoscopy: topical versus monitored anesthesia
Total cohort | Topical anesthesia | Monitored anesthesia care | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | N = 350 | N = 251 | N = 99 | P value |
Age, years | 65 ± 13 | 64 ± 12 | 66 ± 14 | 0.134 |
≥65 years | 202 (58) | 142 (57) | 60 (61) | 0.492 |
Male sex | 212 (61) | 160 (64) | 52 (53) | 0.053 |
Indication | ||||
Tumor diagnosis | 132 (38) | 72 (29) | 60 (61) | < 0.001 |
Esophageal cancer staging | 63 (18) | 62 (25) | 1 (1) | |
Pulmonary infection | 60 (17) | 53 (21) | 7 (7) | |
Hemoptysis | 32 (9) | 26 (10) | 6 (6) | |
Mediastinal lesion | 22 (6) | 1 (1) | 21 (21) | |
Airway inspection | 12 (3) | 12 (5) | 0 (0) | |
Diffuse lung disease | 9 (3) | 7 (3) | 2 (2) | |
Atelectasis | 8 (2) | 7 (3) | 1 (1) | |
Tracheoesophageal fistula | 6 (2) | 5 (2) | 1 (1) | |
Chronic cough | 3 (1) | 3 (1) | 0 (0) | |
Others | 3 (1) | 3 (1) | 0 (0) |