Long-term multicenter comparison shows equivalent efficacy of monoclonal antibodies in severe asthma therapy

Kayser, Moritz Z.; Suhling, Hendrik; Fuge, Jan; Hinze, Christopher A.; Drick, Nora; Kneidinger, Nikolaus; Behr, Jürgen; Taube, Christian; Welte, Tobias; Haasler, Ina; Milger, Katrin

doi:10.1186/s12890-024-02964-4

BMC Pulmonary Medicine

Table 2 Treatment outcomes over time

From: Long-term multicenter comparison shows equivalent efficacy of monoclonal antibodies in severe asthma therapy

Median (IQR)	Mepolizumab, n = 129					Benralizumab n = 83					Dupilumab n = 68					Inter-group comparisons
Median (IQR)	BL	T 1	p BL to T1^a	T2	p BL to T2^a	Baseline	T1	p BL to T1^a	T2	p BL to T2^a	Baseline	T1	p BL to T1^a	T2	p BL to T2^a	p delta BL to T1^b	p delta T1 to T2^b	p delta BL to T2^b
FEV1% of predicted	60 (44 – 79)	76 (59 – 88)	< 0.001	75 (56 – 87)	< 0.001	63 (47 – 80)	78 (58 – 90)	< 0.001	75 (60 – 89)	< 0.001	64 (48 – 82)	73 (56 – 88)	< 0.001	79 (56 – 88)	< 0.001	0.195	0.085	0.793
FVC % of predicted	82 (70 – 94)	90 (76 – 104)	< 0.001	91 (75 – 102)	< 0.001	79 (64 – 91)	91 (76 – 103)	< 0.001	91 (77 – 103)	< 0.001	81 (69 – 95)	90 (76 – 99)	< 0.001	91 (77 – 105)	< 0.001	0.123	0.067	0.557
RV % of predicted	140 (116 – 173)	126 (109 – 154)	< 0.001	127 (109 – 155)	< 0.001	136 (113 – 159)	127 (112 – 145)	0.001	124 (111 – 157)	0.003	134 (112 – 161)	129 (110 – 154)	0.002	130 (110 – 157)	0.009	0.334	0.987	0.320
TLC % of predicted	105 (95 – 116)	107 (97 – 114)	0.462	107 (96 – 115)	0.407	103 (92 – 109)	104 (90 – 116)	0.154	104 (95 – 112)	0.107	101 (93 – 112)	102 (96 – 113)	0.107	103 (97 – 113)	0.043	0.430	0.486	0.147
ACT score	13 (10 – 19)	20 (15 – 23)	< 0.001	19 (15 – 23)	< 0.001	14 (10 – 20)	21 (14 – 25)	< 0.001	21 (15 – 24)	< 0.001	16 (11 – 19)	19 (15 – 22)	< 0.001	20 (15 – 23)	< 0.001	0.033	0.741	0.087
Exacerbations per year	1 (0 – 2)	0 (0 – 1)	< 0.001	0 (0 – 0)	< 0.001	1 (0 – 3)	0 (0 – 1)	< 0.001	0 (0 – 0)	< 0.001	0 (0 – 1)	0 (0 – 1)	0.338	0 (0 – 0)	0.491	0.003	0.679	0.004
Eosinophils per µl	430 (70 – 740)	50 (20 – 100)	< 0.001	30 (1 – 90)	< 0.001	400 (63 – 678)	0 (0 – 10)	< 0.001	0 (0 – 1)	< 0.001	220 (60 – 475)	390 (153 – 738)	0.114	9 (3 – 330)	0.025	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.744
FeNO in ppb	36 (19 – 71)	35 (19 – 58)	0.011	34 (23 – 57)	0.024	42 (23 – 65)	38 (18 – 66)	0.123	31 (16 – 62)	0.200	36 (21 – 56)	22 (16 – 31)	< 0.001	21 (16 – 29)	< 0.001	0.017	0.936	0.033
OCS dose	5 (0 – 10)	0 (0 – 4)	< 0.001	0 (0 – 3.75)	< 0.001	2.5 (0 – 7.5)	0 (0 – 5)	0.07	0 (0 -5)	< 0.001	0 (0 -5)	0 (0 – 0)	0.036	0 (0 – 0)	0.055	0.353	0.377	0.836

Abbreviations: IQR Interquartile range, T1 Follow-up timepoint 1 (6 months), T2 Follow-up timepoint 2 (12 months), FEV1 Forced expiratory capacity in 1 s, FVC Forced vital capacity, RV Residual volume, TLC Total lung capacity, ml milliliter, ACT Asthma control test, OCS Oral corticosteroids, FeNO Fractional expiratory nitric oxide, ppb Parts per billion
^aIntra-group p-values calculated using t-tests
^bInter-group p-values comparing delta changes between treatment groups calculated using two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni-correction

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