Table 2 Subgroup analysis of bacterial pneumonia by region, HIV sero-status, publication year and sample size
Subgroups | Category | No of studies | No of isolates tested, N | Pooled prevalence of N (%) | 95% CI | Heterogeneity test (I2) | P-value | Heterogeneity between groups (p-value) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population | Children | 1 | 34 | 6.19 | (4.17, 8.21) | < 0% | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
> 18 years | 5 | 448 | 38.71 | (33.37, 44.05) | 72.0% | 0.006 | ||
Adult | 3 | 366 | 40.47 | (37.26, 43.08) | < 0% | 0.754 | ||
All age group | 2 | 303 | 42.45 | (35.00, 49.90) | 78.5 | 0.031 | ||
Total pooled | 11 | 1151 | 37.17 | (25.72–48.62) | 98.4%% | < 0.001 | ||
Region | Central/ Addis Ababa | 2 | 106 | 18.99 | (6.40, 44.38) | 98.5% | < 0.001 | 0.032 |
Amhara | 5 | 664 | (41.21) | (38.39, 44.03) | 28.61% | 0.231 | ||
Oromia | 1 | 60 | (45.00) | (36.55, 53.45) | 0.0% | < 0.001 | ||
Tigray | 1 | 110 | (43.70) | (37.58, 49.82) | 0.0% | < 0.001 | ||
Hawassa/SNNPR | 2 | 211 | (37.73) | (28.56, 46.89) | 77.5% | 0.035 | ||
Total pooled | 27 | 1151 | 37.17 | (25.72–48.62) | 98.4%% | < 0.001 | ||
Publication year | ≤ 2020 | 5 | 444 | (35.49) | (14.51, 56.48) | 98.9% | < 0.001 | 0.780 |
> 2020 | 6 | 707 | (38.55) | (34.23, 42.86) | 73.8% | 0.002 | ||
Total pooled | 11 | 1151 | 37.17 | (25.72–48.62) | 98.4%% | < 0.001 | ||
Sero-status | HIV-positive | 3 | 324 | 44.51 | (41.06, 47.97) | 0.0% | 0.582 | 0.083 |
HIV-negative | 7 | 670 | 34.07 | (19.32, 48.83) | 98.6% | < 0.001 | ||
Both | 1 | 157 | 38.70 | (33.96, 43.44) | 0.0% | < 0.001 | ||
Total pooled | 11 | 1151 | 37.17 | (25.72–48.62) | 98.4%% | < 0.001 | ||
Sample size | ≤ 384 | 7 | 657 | (41.45) | (37.62, 45.29) | 60.03% | 0.002 | 0.255 |
> 384 | 4 | 494 | (29.61) | (9.57, 49.64) | 99.1% | < 0.001 | ||
Total pooled | 11 | 2348 | 315 (14.52) | (11.59, 17.44) | 93.0% | < 0.001 |