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  1. It has been suggested that smoking asthmatics benefit less from corticosteroid treatment than never-smoking asthmatics. We investigated differences in blood and sputum inflammatory profiles between ex-, curren...

    Authors: Eef D Telenga, Huib A M Kerstjens, Nick H T ten Hacken, Dirkje S Postma and Maarten van den Berge
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:58
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Pulmonary rehabilitation is widely advocated for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to improve exercise capacity, symptoms and quality of life, however only a minority of individuals with...

    Authors: Anne E Holland, Ajay Mahal, Catherine J Hill, Annemarie L Lee, Angela T Burge, Rosemary Moore, Caroline Nicolson, Paul O’Halloran, Narelle S Cox, Aroub Lahham, Rebecca Ndongo, Emily Bell and Christine F McDonald
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:57
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  3. Genetic variation within GSTM2-5 genes may interfere with detoxification of environmental compounds, thereby having a detrimental effect on lung function following exposures such as tobacco smoke. We aim to inves...

    Authors: Melannie Alexander, Wilfried Karmaus, John W Holloway, Hongmei Zhang, Graham Roberts, Ramesh J Kurukulaaratchy, Syed Hasan Arshad and Susan Ewart
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:56
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Hyponatremia based on syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone hypersecretion (SIADH) is observed in up to 15% of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The electrolyte imbalance is associated with...

    Authors: Claudia Petereit, Okan Zaba, Ishak Teber, Heike Lüders and Christian Grohé
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:55
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global health burden there is a lack of patient awareness of disease severity, particularly in relation to exacerbations.

    Authors: Neil Barnes, Peter MA Calverley, Alan Kaplan and Klaus F Rabe
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:54
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Recent studies suggest that the incidence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is rising. Accurate epidemiological data on IPF, however, are sparse and the results of previous studies are contradictory. This...

    Authors: Jaana Kaunisto, Eija-Riitta Salomaa, Ulla Hodgson, Riitta Kaarteenaho and Marjukka Myllärniemi
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:53
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. The importance of the lung parenchyma in the pathophysiology of asthma has previously been demonstrated. Considering that nitric oxide synthases (NOS) and arginases compete for the same substrate, it is worthw...

    Authors: Luciana RCRB Aristoteles, Renato F Righetti, Nathalia Montouro Pinheiro, Rosana B Franco, Claudia M Starling, Julie CP da Silva, Patrícia Angeli Pigati, Luciana C Caperuto, Carla M Prado, Marisa Dolhnikoff, Milton A Martins, Edna A Leick and Iolanda FLC Tibério
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:52
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common causes of chronic cough and a potential risk factor for exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this study was ...

    Authors: Jinhee Kim, Jin Hwa Lee, Yuri Kim, Kyungjoo Kim, Yeon-Mok Oh, Kwang Ha Yoo, Chin Kook Rhee, Hyoung Kyu Yoon, Young Sam Kim, Yong Bum Park, Sei Won Lee and Sang Do Lee
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:51
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Standardised evidenced-based materials and mechanisms to facilitate the delivery of the education component of pulmonary rehabilitation are not widely available. The aims of this study were: 1) to adapt the se...

    Authors: Denise Cosgrove, Joseph MacMahon, Jean Bourbeau, Judy M Bradley and Brenda O’Neill
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:50
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. The six-minute walk test (6MWT) is a simple, low tech, safe and well established, self-paced assessment tool to quantify functional exercise capacity in adults. The definition of normal 6MWT in children is esp...

    Authors: Silvia Ulrich, Florian F Hildenbrand, Ursula Treder, Manuel Fischler, Stephan Keusch, Rudolf Speich and Margrit Fasnacht
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:49
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Chronic lung diseases are marked by progressive inflammation, tissue damage and remodelling. Bone marrow-derived progenitor cells may contribute to these processes. The objectives of this study were to (1) to ...

    Authors: Sarah E Gilpin, Kalvin Lung, Geoffrey T de Couto, Marcelo Cypel, Masaaki Sato, Lianne G Singer, Shaf Keshavjee and Thomas K Waddell
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:48
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Heparin-binding protein is released by neutrophils during inflammation and disrupts the integrity of the alveolar and capillary endothelial barrier implicated in the development of acute lung injury and system...

    Authors: Daniel F McAuley, Cecilia M O’Kane, Thelma R Craig, Murali Shyamsundar, Heiko Herwald and Karim Dib
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:47
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. It remains unclear to what extent asthma in adults is linked to allergic rhinitis (AR), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and acetylsalicylic acid exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), and how these co...

    Authors: Henriette Steppuhn, Ute Langen, Christa Scheidt-Nave and Thomas Keil
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:46
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. The Cambridge Pulmonary Hypertension Outcome Review (CAMPHOR) and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF-36) are widely used to assess patient-reported outcome in individuals with pulmonary hypertension ...

    Authors: James Twiss, Stephen McKenna, Louise Ganderton, Sue Jenkins, Mitra Ben-L’amri, Kevin Gain, Robin Fowler and Eli Gabbay
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:45
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Tumors with a massive inflammatory infiltration are described in several organs. There is agreement about considering the inflammatory infiltration as the host’s immune response to neoplastic cells; such neopl...

    Authors: Alessandro Del Gobbo, Stefano Fiori, Gabriella Gaudioso, Mario Nosotti, Guido Coggi, Silvano Bosari and Stefano Ferrero
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:44
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  16. Exhaled breath volatile organic compound (VOC) analysis for airway disease monitoring is promising. However, contrary to nitric oxide the method for exhaled breath collection has not yet been standardized and ...

    Authors: Andras Bikov, Koralia Paschalaki, Ron Logan-Sinclair, Ildiko Horváth, Sergei A Kharitonov, Peter J Barnes, Omar S Usmani and Paolo Paredi
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:43
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Serum levels of N–terminal proB–type natriuretic peptide (NT–proBNP) are elevated in patients acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Recent studies showed a lower incidence of acute cor pulmonale in ARDS ...

    Authors: Rogier M Determann, Annick ANM Royakkers, Jacqueline Schaefers, Anita M de Boer, Jan M Binnekade, Jan P van Straalen and Marcus J Schultz
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:42
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a disease state characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible and usually progressive. Current guidelines, among which the Dutch, have so far ...

    Authors: Janwillem Kocks, Corina de Jong, Marjolein Y Berger, Huib AM Kerstjens and Thys van der Molen
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:41
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  19. There is insufficient evidence of the cost-effectiveness of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Disease Management (COPD-DM) programs. The aim of this review is to evaluate the economic impact of COPD...

    Authors: Melinde RS Boland, Apostolos Tsiachristas, Annemarije L Kruis, Niels H Chavannes and Maureen PMH Rutten-van Mölken
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:40
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. A clear relationship between asthma and obesity has been reported, but the mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of obesity on eosinophil activity (chemotaxis and adhes...

    Authors: Milena Baptistella Grotta, Dalize M Squebola-Cola, Adyleia ADC Toro, Maria Angela GO Ribeiro, Silvia B Mazon, Jose D Ribeiro and Edson Antunes
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:39
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. The majority of the global population cannot afford existing asthma pharmacotherapy. Physical training as an airway anti-inflammatory therapy for asthma could potentially be a non-invasive, easily available, a...

    Authors: Smita Pakhale, Vanessa Luks, Andrew Burkett and Lucy Turner
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:38
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. The aim of this substudy of the ghrelin treatment, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was to investigate the effects of ghrelin administration on exercise capacity and the underlyi...

    Authors: Keisuke Miki, Ryoji Maekura, Noritoshi Nagaya, Seigo Kitada, Mari Miki, Kenji Yoshimura, Yoshitaka Tateishi, Masaharu Motone, Toru Hiraga, Masahide Mori and Kenji Kangawa
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:37
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. The imbalance between proteases and antiproteases has been proposed to participate to the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and emphysema. Gene level variation in different metallopr...

    Authors: Mari K Kukkonen, Emmi Tiili, Tapio Vehmas, Panu Oksa, Päivi Piirilä and Ari Hirvonen
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:36
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. The GOLD 2011 document proposed a new classification system for COPD combining symptom assessment by COPD assessment test (CAT) or modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scores, and exacerbation risk...

    Authors: Sunmin Kim, Jisun Oh, Yu-Il Kim, Hee-Jung Ban, Yong-Soo Kwon, In-Jae Oh, Kyu-Sik Kim, Young-Chul Kim and Sung-Chul Lim
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:35
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Bronchiectasis is a progressive and fatal disease despite the available treatment regimens. Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) may play an important role in the progression of bronchiectasis. However, active anti-r...

    Authors: Zhi-Wei Hu, Zhong-Gao Wang, Yu Zhang, Ji-Min Wu, Jian-Jun Liu, Fang-Fang Lu, Guang-Chang Zhu and Wei-Tao Liang
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:34
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  26. Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) predisposes to airway disease through a vagally-mediated esophago-bronchial reflex. This study investigates this vagal response to esophageal acid perfusion.

    Authors: D Lakmali Amarasiri, Arunasalam Pathmeswaran, H Janaka de Silva and Channa D Ranasinha
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:33
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. The role of antibiotics in treating mild or moderate exacerbations in patients with acute chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unclear. The aims were to: (i) describe patient characteristics associa...

    Authors: Rachael Boggon, Richard Hubbard, Liam Smeeth, Martin Gulliford, Jackie Cassell, Susan Eaton, Munir Pirmohamed and Tjeerd-Pieter van Staa
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:32
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) is an umbrella term encompassing upper lobe emphysema and lower lobe pulmonary fibrosis with pathogenesis elusive. The aim of our study was to investigate the i...

    Authors: Argyris Tzouvelekis, George Zacharis, Anastasia Oikonomou, Dimitrios Mikroulis, George Margaritopoulos, Anastasios Koutsopoulos, Antonis Antoniadis, Andreas Koulelidis, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Panagiotis Boglou, Matina Bakali, Marios Froudarakis and Demosthenes Bouros
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:31
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Immunocompromised patients, particularly after lung transplantation, are at high risk to develop atypical forms of pulmonary infections including influenza A/H1N1. Acute Fibrinous and Organizing Pneumonia (AFO...

    Authors: Claudia Otto, Daniela Huzly, Lars Kemna, Annegret Hüttel, Christoph Benk, Siegbert Rieg, Till Ploenes, Martin Werner and Gian Kayser
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:30
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  30. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment improves the risk of cardiovascular events in patients suffering from severe sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) but its effect on the link between delta p...

    Authors: Fabrice Jurysta, Chantal Kempenaers, Jean-Pol Lanquart, André Noseda, Philippe van de Borne and Paul Linkowski
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:29
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. The current study aimed to investigate the release of myocardial high-sensitive Troponin T (hsTnT) in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in response to maximal physical exercise.

    Authors: Mirko Völkers, David Rohde, Thomas Zelniker, Celine S Weiss, Evangelos Giannitsis, Hugo A Katus and F Joachim Meyer
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:28
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Laboratory-induced dyspnea (breathing discomfort) in healthy subjects is widely used to study perceptual mechanisms, yet the relationship between laboratory-induced dyspnea in healthy volunteers and spontaneou...

    Authors: Carl R O’Donnell, Richard M Schwartzstein, Robert W Lansing, Tegan Guilfoyle, Daniel Elkin and Robert B Banzett
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:27
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Indacaterol is a novel, once-daily (od), inhaled, long-acting ß2-agonist bronchodilator for maintenance treatment of airflow limitation in patients with COPD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of...

    Authors: Jiangna Han, Lu Dai and Nanshan Zhong
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:26
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Recently it has been revealed that lung adenocarcinomas with distinct gene mutations or fusions are associated with particular histopathological entities. For example, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) g...

    Authors: Ikuo Matsuda, Kengo Takeuchi, Shinjiro Mizuguchi, Masahide Kaji, Kayo Ueda, Kazuhiro Teramura and Seiichi Hirota
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:25
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  35. There is little data on the effect of exercise on markers of airway inflammation in human asthmatics. The main objective of this review is to determine the effects of physical training on markers of airway inf...

    Authors: Vanessa Luks, Andrew Burkett, Lucy Turner and Smita Pakhale
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:24
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. We earlier showed that 4-phenylbutyrate (PB) can induce cathelicidin LL-37 expression synergistically with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in a lung epithelial cell line. We aimed to evaluate a therapeutic dose of PB al...

    Authors: Akhirunnesa Mily, Rokeya Sultana Rekha, S M Mostafa Kamal, Evana Akhtar, Protim Sarker, Zeaur Rahim, Gudmundur H Gudmundsson, Birgitta Agerberth and Rubhana Raqib
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:23
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. The use of budesonide/formoterol in a single inhaler for both maintenance and reliever therapy is a recommended option for treatment of persistent asthma not responding well to inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) alone.

    Authors: Nanshan Zhong, Jiangtao Lin, Parthiv Mehta, Pintip Ngamjanyaporn, Tzu-Chin Wu and Faisal Yunus
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:22
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. High-frequency airway clearance (HFCWC) assist devices generate either positive or negative trans-respiratory pressure excursions to produce high-frequency, small-volume oscillations in the airways.

    Authors: Antonello Nicolini, Federica Cardini, Norma Landucci, Sergio Lanata, Maura Ferrari-Bravo and Cornelius Barlascini
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:21
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) are well established in the management of outpatient asthma. However, there is very little information as to their role in acute asthma exacerbations. We hypothesized t...

    Authors: Ali Bin Sarwar Zubairi, Nawal Salahuddin, Ali Khawaja, Safia Awan, Adil Aijaz Shah, Ahmed Suleman Haque, Shahid Javed Husain, Nisar Rao and Javaid Ahmad Khan
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:20
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Inhalation of endotoxin (LPS) induces a predominantly neutrophilic airway inflammation and has been used as model to test the anti-inflammatory activity of novel drugs. In the past, a dose exceeding 15–50 μg w...

    Authors: Ole Janssen, Frank Schaumann, Olaf Holz, Bianca Lavae-Mokhtari, Lutz Welker, Carla Winkler, Heike Biller, Norbert Krug and Jens M Hohlfeld
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:19
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. According to international guidelines, the goal of asthma management is to achieve and maintain control of the disease, which can be assessed using composite measures. Prospective studies are required to deter...

    Authors: Fulvio Braido, Guy Brusselle, Eleonora Ingrassia, Gabriele Nicolini, David Price, Nicolas Roche, Joan B Soriano and Heinrich Worth
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:18
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  42. Favorable effects of formal pulmonary rehabilitation in selected moderate to severe COPD patients are well established. Few data are available on the effects and costs of integrated disease management (IDM) pr...

    Authors: Annemarije L Kruis, Melinde RS Boland, Catharina H Schoonvelde, Willem JJ Assendelft, Maureen PMH Rutten-van Mölken, Jacobijn Gussekloo, Apostolos Tsiachristas and Niels H Chavannes
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:17
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  43. Penicillium species are among the most common fungi present in the environment and are usually considered non-pathogenic to humans. However, in immunocompromised hosts they can be virulent pathogens and can caus...

    Authors: Chiyako Oshikata, Naomi Tsurikisawa, Akemi Saito, Maiko Watanabe, Yoichi Kamata, Maki Tanaka, Takahiro Tsuburai, Hiroyuki Mitomi, Kosuke Takatori, Hiroshi Yasueda and Kazuo Akiyama
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:16
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  44. Current asthma management guidelines are based on the level of asthma control. The impact of asthma control on health care resources and quality of life (QoL) is insufficiently studied. EUCOAST study was desig...

    Authors: Marianne Doz, Christos Chouaid, Laure Com-Ruelle, Eduardo Calvo, Max Brosa, Julien Robert, Laurent Decuypère, Celine Pribil, Alicia Huerta and Bruno Detournay
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:15
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is increasingly used to investigate for malignancy in the evaluation of pulmonary nodules, yet both active tuberculosis (TB) and malignancy have high...

    Authors: Scott K Heysell, Tania A Thomas, Costi D Sifri, Patrice K Rehm and Eric R Houpt
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:14
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  46. Reduced plasma nitrate (NOx) levels and increased urinary norepinephrine (U-NE) levels have been described in severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and are reverted by continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). ...

    Authors: Paula Pinto, Cristina Bárbara, Joseph M Montserrat, Rita S Patarrão, Maria P Guarino, Miguel M Carmo, Maria P Macedo, Cristina Martinho, Rita Dias and Maria JM Gomes
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:13
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) in patients with acute respiratory failure has been traditionally determined based on clinical assessment and changes in blood gases, with NIV support pressures manual...

    Authors: Killen Harold Briones Claudett, Monica Briones Claudett, Miguel Chung Sang Wong, Alberto Nuques Martinez, Ricardo Soto Espinoza, Mayra Montalvo, Antonio Esquinas Rodriguez, Gumersindo Gonzalez Diaz and Michelle Grunauer Andrade
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:12
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. The editors of BMC Pulmonary Medicine would like to thank all our reviewers who have contributed to the journal in Volume 12 (2012).

    Authors: Tim Shipley
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:7
    Content type: Reviewer acknowledgement Published on:

  49. Phenotyping asthma according to airway inflammation allows identification of responders to targeted therapy. Induced sputum is technically demanding. We aimed to identify predictors of sputum inflammatory phen...

    Authors: Florence N Schleich, Maité Manise, Jocelyne Sele, Monique Henket, Laurence Seidel and Renaud Louis
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:11
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disease, affecting approximately 2% of women and 4% of men residing in Western communities. No systematically reviewed data are available about the prevalence of this ...

    Authors: Aibek E Mirrakhimov, Talant Sooronbaev and Erkin M Mirrakhimov
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2013 13:10
    Content type: Research article Published on:
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BMC Pulmonary Medicine

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