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Table 2 Pulmonary function testing by smoking status in Korean adults

From: Association between dual use of e-cigarette and cigarette and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an analysis of a nationwide representative sample from 2013 to 2018

 

FEV1, Liter/sec

Predicted FEV1, %

FVC, Liter/sec

Predicted FVC, %

FEV1/FVC, %

Total (N = 12,919)

     

Non-users (n = 6924)

2.61 (2.58–2.63)

90.3 (89.6–91.0)

3.39 (3.36–3.42)

90.5 (89.9–91.2)

76.8 (76.4–77.2)

Former smokers (n = 3282)

2.58 (2.55–2.61)

88.7 (87.9–89.6)

3.44 (3.40–3.47)

90.5 (89.8–91.2)

75.3 (74.9–75.8)

Current smokers (n = 2549)

2.56 (2.53–2.59)

87.9 (87.1–88.8)

3.45 (3.42–3.49)

91.1 (90.4–91.9)

74.5 (74.1–75.0)

Dual users (n = 164)

2.55 (2.45–2.64)

86.4 (84.1–88.7)

3.45 (3.33–3.56)

90.0 (87.8–92.1)

74.2 (72.9–75.5)

Ptrend

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.007

0.215

 < 0.001

Men (n = 6596)

     

Non-users (n = 1165)

3.01 (2.96–3.06)

89.7 (88.4–91.0)

3.94 (3.89–4.00)

89.2 (88.2–90.3)

76.0 (75.3–76.7)

Former smokers (n = 3039)

2.98 (2.95–3.02)

87.8 (86.7–88.9)

3.99 (3.95–4.04)

89.1 (88.3–89.9)

74.4 (73.7–75.0)

Current smokers (n = 2237)

2.93 (2.89–2.97)

86.4 (85.2–87.6)

3.99 (3.94–4.03)

89.4 (88.5–90.3)

73.1 (72.5–73.8))

Dual users (n = 155)

2.90 (2.80–3.01)

85.1 (82.6–87.6)

3.97 (3.85–4.09)

88.2 (86.0–90.5)

72.8 (71.5–74.2)

Ptrend

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.250

0.927

 < 0.001

Women (n = 6323)

     

Non-users (n = 5759)

2.23 (2.21–2.26)

91.5 (90.6–92.4)

2.85 (2.82–2.88)

92.3 (91.5–93.1)

78.1 (77.7–78.5)

Former smokers (n = 243)

2.25 (2.19–2.31)

90.5 (88.4–92.6)

2.91 (2.84–2.98)

92.7 (90.8–94.6)

77.1 (76.1–78.0)

Current smokers (n = 312)

2.28 (2.23–2.33)

91.2 (89.6–92.9)

2.95 (2.88–3.02)

93.5 (91.9–95.1)

77.0 (76.3–77.8)

Dual users (n = 9)

2.14 (1.78–2.50)

88.0 (76.6–99.4)

2.85 (2.48–3.22)

92.4 (83.3–101.5)

74.7 (69.4–80.0)

Ptrend

0.144

0.420

0.003

0.153

 < 0.001

  1. Values of pulmonary function testing with 95% confidence intervals were calculated after adjustments for sex, age, residence, education, household income, alcohol consumption, and body mass index
  2. The P-value for trend was calculated using complex sample logistic regression analysis considering smoking status as a continuous variable
  3. FEV1, forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC, forced vital capacity