Table 1 Characteristics of the study populationparticipants with airflow limitation
From: Underdiagnosis of obstructive lung disease: findings from the French CONSTANCES cohort
All (N = 765) | Men (N = 385) | Women (N = 380) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender, % | ||||
Men | 54.7 | |||
Women | 45.3 | |||
Age (years), m | 44.4 | 46.5 | 41.9 | 0.002 |
ISCED education level, % | ||||
0–2 (≤ lower secondary) | 14.1 | 16.9 | 10.7 | 0.21 |
3–4 (upper secondary) | 39.5 | 41.2 | 37.4 | |
5–6 (short-cycle tertiary/bachelor) | 30.0 | 27.0 | 33.5 | |
7–8 (master/doctorate) | 16.5 | 14.9 | 18.4 | |
Tobacco status, % | ||||
Never | 31.8 | 28.9 | 38.7 | 0.01 |
Ever < 10 pack-years | 29.5 | 26.1 | 33.7 | |
Ever ≥ 10 pack-years | 37.3 | 45.0 | 27.5 | |
Pack-years in smokers, m | 18.4 | 22.9 | 11.8 | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2), m | 25.0 | 25.4 | 24.5 | 0.17 |
Respiratory symptoms, % | ||||
Past-year wheezing | 40.3 | 44.8 | 34.9 | 0.08 |
Chronic cough | 17.0 | 18.8 | 15.0 | 0.38 |
Chronic sputum | 12.5 | 15.1 | 9.4 | 0.16 |
Dyspnoea ≥ grade 2 | 19.9 | 16.1 | 24.6 | 0.07 |
≥ 1 symptom | 51.9 | 52.9 | 50.7 | 0.69 |
OLD history, % | ||||
Asthma | 29.6 | 26.0 | 33.9 | 0.11 |
COPD/Emphysema/Chronic bronchitis | 8.1 | 11.4 | 4.1 | 0.02 |
Bronchiectasis | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | – |
≥ 1 OLD | 35.6 | 35.9 | 35.3 | 0.91 |
Cardiovascular history, % | ||||
IHD, stroke, PAD | 3.4 | 5.5 | 1.0 | 0.03 |
Other | 11.6 | 11.8 | 11.3 | |
Lung function | ||||
FEV1% predicted, m | 75.3 | 72.5 | 76.4 | < 0.001 |
FVC% predicted, m | 92.9 | 90.4 | 93.2 | 0.003 |
FEV1/FVC% predicted | 80.5 | 79.7 | 80.8 | 0.003 |
GOLD severity, % | ||||
Mild | 39.2 | 35.3 | 44.0 | 0.01 |
Moderate | 53.5 | 53.4 | 53.6 | |
Severe | 7.3 | 11.2 | 2.5 |