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  1. Content type: Research article

    Data on the lung microbiome in HIV-infected children is limited. The current study sought to determine the lung microbiome in HIV-associated bronchiectasis and to assess its association with pulmonary exacerba...

    Authors: Refiloe Masekela, Solize Vosloo, Stephanus N. Venter, Wilhelm Z. de Beer and Robin J. Green

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:87

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  2. Content type: Research article

    Bronchiectasis is a heterogeneous disease which affects quality of life. Measuring symptoms and quality of life has proved challenging and research is limited by extrapolation of questionnaires and treatments ...

    Authors: Emily K. Dudgeon, Megan Crichton and James D. Chalmers

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:81

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  3. Content type: Research article

    Those affected by advanced fibrotic interstitial lung diseases have limited treatment options and in the terminal stages, the focus of care is on symptom management. However, quantitatively, little is known ab...

    Authors: Sabrina Carvajalino, Carla Reigada, Miriam J. Johnson, Mendwas Dzingina and Sabrina Bajwah

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:78

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  4. Content type: Research article

    Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive fibrosing interstitial pneumonia of unknown cause associated with the histopathologic and/or radiologic pattern of usual interstitial pneumonia (UI...

    Authors: Giulia Paolocci, Ilenia Folletti, Kjell Torén, Magnus Ekström, Marco Dell’Omo, Giacomo Muzi and Nicola Murgia

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:75

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  5. Content type: Research article

    Findings describing the relationship between pulmonary function and peripheral vascular function have been inconclusive. We explored this relationship in Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study-Cardiovascular Subcohort...

    Authors: Jing Pan, Lin Xu, Tai Hing Lam, Chao Qiang Jiang, Wei Sen Zhang, Feng Zhu, Ya Li Jin, G. Neil Thomas, Kar Keung Cheng and Peymane Adab

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:74

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  6. Content type: Case report

    Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) is a very rare interstitial lung disease (ILD) characterized by progressive fibrotic lesions of the visceral pleura and the sub-pleural parenchyma, affecting predominant...

    Authors: D. Hassoun, S. Dirou, P. P. Arrigoni, C. Durant, M. Hamidou, A. Néel and C. Agard

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:73

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  7. Content type: Research article

    There are currently no data on the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in patients with newly-diagnosed lung cancer. This might be of interest given that SDB is associated with increased cancer inci...

    Authors: Michael Dreher, Stefan Krüger, Susanne Schulze-Olden, András Keszei, Jan Hendrik Storre, Holger Woehrle, Michael Arzt and Tobias Müller

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:72

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  8. Content type: Study protocol

    Pulmonary rehabilitation is an effective therapeutic intervention for people with chronic respiratory disease. However, fewer than 5% of eligible individuals receive pulmonary rehabilitation on an annual basis...

    Authors: Narelle S. Cox, Christine F. McDonald, Jennifer A. Alison, Ajay Mahal, Richard Wootton, Catherine J. Hill, Janet Bondarenko, Heather Macdonald, Paul O’Halloran, Paolo Zanaboni, Ken Clarke, Deidre Rennick, Kaye Borgelt, Angela T. Burge, Aroub Lahham, Bruna Wageck…

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:71

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  9. Content type: Review

    Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by widespread fibrotic and inflammatory abnormalities of the lung. Respiratory failure is a common complication in advanced...

    Authors: Paola Faverio, Federica De Giacomi, Luca Sardella, Giuseppe Fiorentino, Mauro Carone, Francesco Salerno, Jousel Ora, Paola Rogliani, Giulia Pellegrino, Giuseppe Francesco Sferrazza Papa, Francesco Bini, Bruno Dino Bodini, Grazia Messinesi, Alberto Pesci and Antonio Esquinas

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:70

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  10. Content type: Research article

    The most common cause of death of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has been reported to be the lung disease itself and mortality from IPF appears to be increasing. However, the causes of death...

    Authors: Miia Kärkkäinen, Hanna Nurmi, Hannu-Pekka Kettunen, Tuomas Selander, Minna Purokivi and Riitta Kaarteenaho

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:69

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  11. Content type: Research article

    Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease leading to morbidity, mortality and impaired quality of life worldwide. Information on asthma prevalence in the Middle East is fragmented and relatively out-dated...

    Authors: Hesham Tarraf, Omur Aydin, Dilsad Mungan, Mohammad Albader, Bassam Mahboub, Adam Doble, Aaicha Lahlou, Luqman Tariq, Fayaz Aziz and Abdelkader El Hasnaoui

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:68

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  12. Content type: Research article

    The inherent risk of developing tuberculosis (TB) in HIV- infected individuals is further enhanced by hypovitaminosis D. Interventions that offset HIV-associated immune deterioration potentially arrest disease...

    Authors: Cuthbert Musarurwa, Lynn Sodai Zijenah, Doreen Zvipo Mhandire, Tsitsi Bandason, Kudakwashe Mhandire, Maria Mary Chipiti, Marshall Wesley Munjoma and Witmore Bayayi Mujaji

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:67

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  13. Content type: Research article

    Tuberculosis (TB) has been a major health problem globally since ages, and even today, it is a major cause of morbidity in millions of people each year. In 2015 alone, TB accounted for about 1.4 million deaths...

    Authors: S. K. Singh, Gyan Chandra Kashyap and Parul Puri

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:66

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  14. Content type: Research article

    Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a biomarker of inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. But, a meaningful threshold and the longitudinal changes are unknown. We aimed to i...

    Authors: Kaori Sakurai, Shotaro Chubachi, Hidehiro Irie, Akihiro Tsutsumi, Naofumi Kameyama, Takashi Kamatani, Hidefumi Koh, Takeshi Terashima, Hidetoshi Nakamura, Koichiro Asano and Tomoko Betsuyaku

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:65

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  15. Content type: Research article

    Despite reported long delays to initiate anti-TB treatment and poor outcomes in different parts of Ethiopia and elsewhere, evidences on association between the delay and treatment outcomes are scanty.

    Authors: Abyot Asres, Degu Jerene and Wakgari Deressa

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:64

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  16. Content type: Research article

    Pirfenidone, a pleiotropic anti-fibrotic treatment, has been shown to slow down disease progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a fatal and devastating lung disease. Rapamycin, an inhibitor of fibr...

    Authors: M. Molina-Molina, C. Machahua-Huamani, V. Vicens-Zygmunt, R. Llatjós, I. Escobar, E. Sala-Llinas, P. Luburich-Hernaiz, J. Dorca and A. Montes-Worboys

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:63

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  17. Content type: Research article

    Pleural effusion (PE) drainage can relieve the symptoms of dyspnea; however, details of the resulting hemodynamic changes remain undefined.

    Authors: Zheng Wang, Qi-Zhe Cai, Cheng-Jun Ban, Duo Chen, Li-Li Xu, Xiao-Juan Wang, Zhen Wang, Yuan Yang, Xiu-Zhang Lv and Huan-Zhong Shi

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:62

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  18. Content type: Research article

    The purpose of the study is to describe the profile of patients with asthma and to identify the signifiant risks and the protective factors associated with asthma control.

    Authors: Imane Ghanname, Ahmed Chaker, Abha Cherkani Hassani, Laila Herrak, Serge Arnaul Ebongue, Mustapha Laine, Khalid Rahhali, Abdelhak Zoglat, Aida Maria Benitez Rexach, Samir Ahid and Yahia Cherrah

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:61

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  20. Content type: Case report

    Clinically hypomyopathic dermatomyositis is a rare disease that is important to recognize, investigate and treat early as it is associated with poor prognosis. In a proportion of patients, myositis specific an...

    Authors: Safi Alqatari, Peter Riddell, Sinead Harney, Michael Henry and Grainne Murphy

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:59

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  21. Content type: Research article

    Although pre-puberty asthma is more prevalent in males, after puberty through middle-age, asthma is more prevalent in females. The surge of sex hormones with puberty might explain this gender switch.

    Authors: Mark D. DeBoer, Brenda R. Phillips, David T. Mauger, Joe Zein, Serpil C. Erzurum, Anne M. Fitzpatrick, Benjamin M. Gaston, Ross Myers, Kristie R. Ross, James Chmiel, Min Jie Lee, John V. Fahy, Michael Peters, Ngoc P. Ly, Sally E. Wenzel, Merritt L. Fajt…

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:58

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  22. Content type: Research article

    To compare, in terms of patient-ventilator interaction and performance, a new nasal mask (Respireo, AirLiquide, FR) with the Endotracheal tube (ET) and a commonly used nasal mask (FPM, Fisher and Paykel, NZ) f...

    Authors: Giorgio Conti, Giorgia Spinazzola, Cesare Gregoretti, Giuliano Ferrone, Andrea Cortegiani, Olimpia Festa, Marco Piastra, Luca Tortorolo and Roberta Costa

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:57

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  23. Content type: Research article

    Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is marked by its difficult diagnosis and poor prognosis. Medical thoracoscopy (MT) is an effective and safe procedure for the diagnosis of exudative pleural effusions and m...

    Authors: Li-Li Xu, Yuan Yang, Zhen Wang, Xiao-Juan Wang, Zhao-Hui Tong and Huan-Zhong Shi

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:56

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  24. Content type: Research article

    Recently awareness of the importance of Aspergillus colonization in the airway of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was rising. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical fe...

    Authors: Xunliang Tong, Anqi Cheng, Hongtao Xu, Jin Jin, Yimeng Yang, Sainan Zhu and Yanming Li

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:55

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  25. Content type: Research article

    Circulating adiponectin (ADPN) levels are inversely associated with disease severity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), while studies assessing the relationship between ADPN and lun...

    Authors: Nina F. Caspersen, Helge Røsjø, Allan Flyvbjerg, Mette Bjerre, Anna Randby, Harald Hrubos-Strøm, Torbjørn Omland and Gunnar Einvik

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:54

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  26. Content type: Case report

    Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is an allergic pulmonary disease comprising a complex hypersensitivity reaction to Aspergillus fumigatus. Clinical features of ABPA are wheezing, mucoid impaction, a...

    Authors: Takeshi Terashima, Taro Shinozaki, Eri Iwami, Takahiro Nakajima and Tatsu Matsuzaki

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:53

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  27. Content type: Research article

    Aspergillus fumigatus is frequently encountered in sputum samples of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), which traditionally has been interpreted as saprophytic airway colonization. However, this mere bystander r...

    Authors: Johannes Träger, Volker Otto Melichar, Renate Meyer, Manfred Rauh, Christian Bogdan and Jürgen Held

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:52

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  28. Content type: Research article

    Interferon lambdas (IFNLs) have important anti-viral/bacterial and immunomodulatory functions in the respiratory tract. How do IFNLs impact COPD and its exacerbations?

    Authors: Adrian Egli, Jyotshna Mandal, Desiree M. Schumann, Michael Roth, Brad Thomas, D. Lorne Tyrrell, Francesco Blasi, Kostantinos Kostikas, Wim Boersma, Branislava Milenkovic, Alicia Lacoma, Katharina Rentsch, Gernot G. U. Rohde, Renaud Louis, Joachim G. Aerts, Tobias Welte…

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:51

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  29. Content type: Case report

    Mortality related to asthma has decreased worldwide since the introduction of inhaled corticosteroid therapy in the past decades. However, there are still some asthma fatalities identified mainly in population...

    Authors: Thais Mauad, Felipe B. P. do Nascimento, Marisa Dolhnikoff, Milena C. M. Picka and Paulo H. N. Saldiva

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:50

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  30. Content type: Research article

    Some epidemiological evidence has shown a relation between ambient air pollution and adverse health outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of air pollution on mortality from respiratory ...

    Authors: Azizallah Dehghan, Narges Khanjani, Abbas Bahrampour, Gholamreza Goudarzi and Masoud Yunesian

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:49

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  31. Content type: Research article

    Allergic asthma is the most prevalent phenotype of severe asthma where treatment with omalizumab (OMB) has been proven to be particularly beneficial. In Poland, OMB therapy is available and reimbursed within a...

    Authors: Karina Jahnz-Różyk, Joanna Lis, Marta Warchoł and Aleksandra Kucharczyk

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:48

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  32. Content type: Research article

    Club cell protein-16 (CC16) expression has been associated with smoking-related lung function decline. The study hypothesis was that CC16 expression in both serum and bronchial epithelium is associated with lu...

    Authors: David Chi-Leung Lam, Hoi-Hin Kwok, Wai-Cho Yu, Fanny Wai-San Ko, Cheuk-Yin Tam, Arthur Chun-Wing Lau, Daniel Yee-Tak Fong and Mary Sau-Man Ip

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:47

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  33. Content type: Research article

    Interventional bronchoscopy is considered an effective treatment option for malignant central airway obstruction (MCAO). However, there are few reports of interventional bronchoscopy in patients with MCAOs due...

    Authors: Beomsu Shin, Boksoon Chang, Hojoong Kim and Byeong-Ho Jeong

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:46

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  34. Content type: Research article

    Previous studies have suggested that antibodies against human leukocyte antigen (HLA) are associated with worse outcomes in lung transplantation. However, little is known about the factors associated with outc...

    Authors: Ji Eun Park, Chi Young Kim, Moo Suk Park, Joo Han Song, Young Sam Kim, Jin Gu Lee, Hyo Chae Paik and Song Yee Kim

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:45

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  35. Content type: Research article

    Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a prognostic indicator of poor outcome in myositis. Although the pathogenesis of myositis-associated ILD is not well understood, neutrophils are thought to play a pivotal rol...

    Authors: Noriho Sakamoto, Hiroshi Ishimoto, Tomoyuki Kakugawa, Minoru Satoh, Tomoko Hasegawa, Shin Tanaka, Atsuko Hara, Shota Nakashima, Hirokazu Yura, Takuto Miyamura, Hanako Koyama, Towako Morita, Seiko Nakamichi, Yasushi Obase, Yuji Ishimatsu and Hiroshi Mukae

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:44

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  36. Content type: Research article

    Bacterial respiratory infections (BRI) are major complications contributing to increased morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation (LT). This study analyzed epidemiology and outcome of 175 consecutive...

    Authors: Sebastien Tanaka, Claire Geneve, Gianpiero Tebano, Nathalie Grall, Pascal Piednoir, Régis Bronchard, Mathieu Godement, Enora Atchade, Pascal Augustin, Herve Mal, Yves Castier, Philippe Montravers and Mathieu Desmard

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:43

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  37. Content type: Research article

    There is a need for more powerful methods to identify low-effect SNPs that contribute to hereditary COPD pathogenesis. We hypothesized that SNPs contributing to COPD risk through cis-regulatory effects are enrich...

    Authors: Jiyoun Yeo, Diego A. Morales, Tian Chen, Erin L. Crawford, Xiaolu Zhang, Thomas M. Blomquist, Albert M. Levin, Pierre P. Massion, Douglas A. Arenberg, David E. Midthun, Peter J. Mazzone, Steven D. Nathan, Ronald J. Wainz, Patrick Nana-Sinkam, Paige F. S. Willey, Taylor J. Arend…

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:42

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  38. Content type: Research article

    Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone critically involved in arterial blood pressure regulation. Although pharmacological aldosterone antagonism reduces mortality and morbidity among patients with severe ...

    Authors: Mario Boehm, Nadine Arnold, Adam Braithwaite, Josephine Pickworth, Changwu Lu, Tatyana Novoyatleva, David G. Kiely, Friedrich Grimminger, Hossein A. Ghofrani, Norbert Weissmann, Werner Seeger, Allan Lawrie, Ralph T. Schermuly and Baktybek Kojonazarov

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:41

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  39. Content type: Study protocol

    Exercise training is an integral component of evidence-based management programs for many chronic cardiac and respiratory conditions. Despite this, there are limited high-quality studies available on the signi...

    Authors: Norman R. Morris, Menaka Louis, Wendy Strugnell, Julie Harris, Aaron Lin, John Feenstra and Helen Seale

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:40

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  40. Content type: Case report

    Actinomycosis is a rare bacterial infection caused by Actinomyces. The symptom of actinomycosis is nonspecific and radiological images present as a slow-progressive mass lesion similarly to malignancies. Thus, it...

    Authors: Munemasa Nagao, Akihisa Fukuda, Takeshi Matsumura, Toshiyuki Kimura and Hiroshi Seno

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:39

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  41. Content type: Research article

    An adequate threshold for the Clinical Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Questionnaire (CCQ) defining more symptomatic COPD patients has not been determined. We aimed to determine the efficacy of th...

    Authors: Yong Suk Jo, Sangshin Park, Deog Kyeom Kim, Chul-Gyu Yoo and Chang-Hoon Lee

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:38

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  42. Content type: Research article

    The prison situations are notorious for causing interruptions of tuberculosis (TB) treatment and occurrence of unfavorable outcomes. In Ethiopian prisons, though TB treatment programs exist, treatment outcome ...

    Authors: Kelemework Adane, Mark Spigt and Geert-Jan Dinant

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:37

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  43. Content type: Research article

    Although the impact of therapeutic thoracentesis on lung function and blood gases has been evaluated in several studies, some physiological aspects of pleural fluid withdrawal remain unknown. The aim of the st...

    Authors: Monika Zielinska-Krawczyk, Elzbieta M. Grabczak, Marcin Michnikowski, Krzysztof Zielinski, Piotr Korczynski, Anna Stecka, Tomasz Golczewski and Rafal Krenke

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:36

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  44. Content type: Research article

    Infection with Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) results in a heterogeneous clinical course ranging from asymptomatic colonization of the airways to fulminant respiratory failure in patients with cystic fibrosis...

    Authors: Bryan A. Garcia, Jacque L. Carden, Dana L. Goodwin, Tim A. Smith, Amit Gaggar, Kevin Leon, Veena B. Antony, Steven M. Rowe and George M. Solomon

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:35

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  45. Content type: Research article

    Thus far, no algorithms have been developed to automatically extract patients who meet Asthma Predictive Index (API) criteria from the Electronic health records (EHR) yet. Our objective is to develop and valid...

    Authors: Harsheen Kaur, Sunghwan Sohn, Chung-Il Wi, Euijung Ryu, Miguel A. Park, Kay Bachman, Hirohito Kita, Ivana Croghan, Jose A. Castro-Rodriguez, Gretchen A. Voge, Hongfang Liu and Young J. Juhn

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:34

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  47. Content type: Research article

    Questionnaires can be used to assess perceived indoor air quality and symptoms in schools. Questionnaires for primary school aged children have traditionally been parent-administered, but self-administered que...

    Authors: Jussi Lampi, Sari Ung-Lanki, Päivi Santalahti and Juha Pekkanen

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:32

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  48. Content type: Study protocol

    Physical activity (PA) and exercise have become an accepted and valued component of cystic fibrosis (CF) care. Regular PA and exercise can positively impact pulmonary function, improve physical fitness, and en...

    Authors: Helge Hebestreit, Larry C. Lands, Nancy Alarie, Jonathan Schaeff, Chantal Karila, David M. Orenstein, Don S. Urquhart, Erik H. J. Hulzebos, Lothar Stein, Christian Schindler, Susi Kriemler and Thomas Radtke

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:31

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  49. Content type: Research article

    Mortality is similarly high among individuals with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) due to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF). Circulating anti-nuc...

    Authors: Justin M. Oldham, Leah J. Witt, Ayodeji Adegunsoye, Jonathan H. Chung, Cathryn Lee, Scully Hsu, Lena W. Chen, Aliya Husain, Steven Montner, Rekha Vij, Mary E. Strek and Imre Noth

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:30

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  50. Content type: Research article

    Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) is a non-pharmacological intervention for severe asthma whose mechanism of action is not completely explained by a reduction of airway smooth muscle (ASM). In this study we analyzed...

    Authors: N. Facciolongo, A. Di Stefano, V. Pietrini, C. Galeone, F. Bellanova, F. Menzella, N. Scichilone, R. Piro, G. L. Bajocchi, B. Balbi, L. Agostini, P. P. Salsi, D. Formisano and M. Lusuardi

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2018 18:29

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