Articles

Systematic review of studies investigating ventilator associated pneumonia diagnostics in intensive care

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is an important diagnosis in critical care. VAP research is complicated by the lack of agreed diagnostic criteria and reference standard test criteria. Our aim was to revi...

Authors: Basem Al-Omari, Peter McMeekin, A. Joy Allen, Ahsan R. Akram, Sara Graziadio, Jana Suklan, William S. Jones, B. Clare Lendrem, Amanda Winter, Milo Cullinan, Joanne Gray, Kevin Dhaliwal, Timothy S. Walsh and Thomas H. Craven

Correction to: Efects of high-flow oxygen therapy on patients with hypoxemia after extubation and predictors of reintubation: a retrospective study based on the MIMIC-IV database

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: Taotao Liu, Qinyu Zhao and Bin Du

Correction to: Baseline plasma KL-6 level predicts adverse outcomes in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis receiving nintedanib: a retrospective real-world cohort study

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: Tang-Hsiu Huang, Chin-Wei Kuo, Chian-Wei Chen, Yau-Lin Tseng, Chao-Liang Wu and Sheng-Hsiang Lin

Association between body mass index and patient-reported-outcome questionnaire scores (CAT™, ACT™, mMRC dyspnoea scale, IPAQ) in Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan: results of the CORE study

The overweight/obese population (evaluated by a body mass index, BMI) represents a global health problem and contributes to the development of various chronic diseases. In this epidemiological study we evaluat...

Authors: D. Nugmanova, Y. Feshchenko, L. Iashyna, M. Polianska, K. Malynovska, I. Stafeyeva, J. Makarova and A. Vasylyev

Down-regulation of SNHG16 alleviates the acute lung injury in sepsis rats through miR-128-3p/HMGB3 axis

Long noncoding RNAs contribute to various inflammatory diseases, including sepsis. We explore the role of small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) in sepsis-mediated acute lung injury (ALI) and inflammation.

Authors: Junli Sun, Keke Xin, Chenghui Leng and Jianlin Ge

EML4-ALK-mediated activation of the JAK2-STAT pathway is critical for non-small cell lung cancer transformation

The echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like-4 anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) fusion gene was identified in a subset of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. They responded positively to AL...

Authors: Ying Li, Yongwen Li, Hongbing Zhang, Ruifeng Shi, Zihe Zhang, Hongyu Liu and Jun Chen

Opposing responses of the rat pulmonary artery and vein to phenylephrine and other agents in vitro

Different from current cognition, our study demonstrated that adrenergic receptors agonist phenylephrine significantly relaxed isolated pulmonary artery but constricted pulmonary veins. Through comparing diffe...

Authors: Li-mei Liao, Li Zhou, Chen-ran Wang, Jian-ying Hu, Yao-jun Lu and Shaoqiang Huang

Downregulation of exosomal let-7d and miR-16 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a degenerative interstitial lung disease with both a poor prognosis and quality of life once the diagnosis is made. In the last decade many features of the disease have b...

Authors: Donato Lacedonia, Giulia Scioscia, Piera Soccio, Massimo Conese, Lucia Catucci, Grazia P. Palladino, Filomena Simone, Carla M. I. Quarato, Sante Di Gioia, Roberto Rana, Francesco Sollitto and Maria P. Foschino-Barbaro

Increased expression of transient receptor potential channels and neurogenic factors associates with cough severity in a guinea pig model

Previous studies suggest that transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and neurogenic inflammation may be involved in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)-related high cough sensitivity, although the details...

Authors: Mengyue Guan, Sun Ying and Yuguang Wang

Serum S100 calcium-binding protein A4 as a novel predictive marker of acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia after surgery for lung cancer

Acute exacerbation (AE) of interstitial pneumonia (IP) is the most fatal complication after lung resection for lung cancer. To improve the prognosis of lung cancer with IP, the risk factors of AE of IP after l...

Authors: Atsushi Kagimoto, Yasuhiro Tsutani, Kei Kushitani, Takahiro Kambara, Takahiro Mimae, Yoshihiro Miyata, Yukio Takeshima and Morihito Okada

Morbidity and mortality reduction associated with polysomnography testing in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a population-based cohort study

It is not well-known if diagnosing and treating sleep breathing disorders among individuals with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) improves health outcomes. We evaluated the association between receipt of la...

Authors: Nicholas T. Vozoris, Andrew S. Wilton, Peter C. Austin, Tetyana Kendzerska, Clodagh M. Ryan and Andrea S. Gershon

Reliability of histopathologic diagnosis of fibrotic interstitial lung disease: an international collaborative standardization project

Current interstitial lung disease (ILD) diagnostic guidelines assess criteria across clinical, radiologic and pathologic domains. Significant interobserver variation in histopathologic evaluation has previousl...

Authors: Robert Camp, Maxwell L. Smith, Brandon T. Larsen, Anja C. Roden, Carol Farver, Andre L. Moreira, Richard Attanoos, Raghavendra Pillappa, Irene Sansano, Alexandre Todorovic Fabro and Robert J. Homer

Etiology-associated heterogeneity in acute respiratory distress syndrome: a retrospective cohort study

Heterogeneity in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has led to many statistically negative clinical trials. Etiology is considered an important source of pathogenesis heterogeneity in ARDS but previous...

Authors: Sheng-Yuan Ruan, Chun-Ta Huang, Ying-Chun Chien, Chun-Kai Huang, Jung-Yien Chien, Lu-Cheng Kuo, Ping-Hung Kuo, Shih-Chi Ku and Huey-Dong Wu

Pulmonary Nocardia infection in a child with idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis

Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) encompasses a rare and agnogenic group of diffuse alveolar capillary hemorrhagic diseases. Corticosteroid treatment is the globally preferred therapeutic strategy for I...

Authors: Lu Qin, Fei-Zhou Zhang, Tong-Yu Yang, Xiao-Fen Tao and Lan-Fang Tang

Predictive risk factors for pneumothorax after transbronchial biopsy using endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath

Pneumothorax is one complication of transbronchial biopsy (TBB) using endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS-TBB). We sought to clarify the risk factors for pneumothorax after EBUS-GS-TBB u...

Authors: Yusuke Gotoh, Teppei Yamaguchi, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Aki Ikeda, Takuya Okamura, Yosuke Sakakibara, Takuma Ina, Yuri Maeda, Mariko Hirochi, Hisashi Kako, Yasuhiro Goto, Sumito Isogai, Naoki Yamamoto, Masashi Kondo and Kazuyoshi Imaizumi

Sex differences in risk factors for depressive symptoms in patients with COPD: The 2014 and 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Although depression is a common comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the role of sex remains unexplored. We evaluated sex differences of risk factors of depressive symptoms in adults wi...

Authors: Ji Soo Choi, Se Hyun Kwak, Nak-Hoon Son, Jae Won Oh, San Lee and Eun Hye Lee

Predictors of community acquired childhood pneumonia among 2–59 months old children in the Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Worldwide, pneumonia is the third leading cause of death in under 5 years children. Ethiopia is ranked 4th out of 15 countries having the highest burdens of the death rate among under-five children due to pneu...

Authors: Muluken Genetu Chanie, Mequannent Sharew Melaku, Melaku Yalew, Mastewal Arefaynie, Gedamnesh Bitew, Erkihun Tadesse Amsalu, Bereket Kefale, Amare Muche, Zinabu Fentaw, Reta Dewau, Bezawit Adane, Yitayish Damtie, Wolde Melese Ayele, Gojjam Eshetie Ewunetie and Metadel Adane

Comparison of body composition parameters in the study of the association between body composition and pulmonary function

The excess adiposity, even in the absence of diseases, is responsible for a decline in pulmonary function, which is considered a predictor of mortality and a risk factor for diseases in several epidemiological...

Authors: Caren Ishikawa, Marco Antonio Barbieri, Heloisa Bettiol, Gabriel Bazo, Alexandre A. Ferraro and Elcio Oliveira Vianna

Diagnostic performance of D-dimer in predicting pulmonary embolism in tuberculous pleural effusion patients

Tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) patients usually have elevated D-dimer levels. The diagnostic performance of D-dimer in predicting pulmonary embolism (PE) in the TPE population is unclear. This study aimed ...

Authors: Xiaoming Li, Yajing Qin, Wenjing Ye, Xi Chen, Dezhi Sun, Xuejun Guo and Wen Gu

Time controlled adaptive ventilation™ as conservative treatment of destroyed lung: an alternative to lung transplantation

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) often requires controlled ventilation, yielding high mechanical power and possibly further injury. Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) can be us...

Authors: Malou Janssen, J. Han. J. Meeder, Leonard Seghers and Corstiaan A. den Uil

Downregulation of the PD-1/PD-Ls pathway in peripheral cells correlates with asbestosis severity

Asbestosis and silicosis are characterized by diffuse or nodular interstitial lung fibrosis resulting from exposure to asbestos or silica dust, respectively. This study was designed to detect programmed cell d...

Authors: Meihua Qiu, Yuqing Chen and Qiao Ye

Prognostic and functional impact of perioperative LAMA/LABA inhaled therapy in patients with lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important risk factor for postoperative complications and mortality. To determine the effects of perioperative combination therapy, using a long-acting muscar...

Authors: Yoko Azuma, Atsushi Sano, Takashi Sakai, Satoshi Koezuka, Hajime Otsuka, Naobumi Tochigi, Kazutoshi Isobe, Susumu Sakamoto, Yujiro Takai and Akira Iyoda

Systematic review: cystic fibrosis in the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the development of life-threatening COVID-19 are believed to disproportionately affect certain at-risk populations. However, it is not...

Authors: Hannah R. Mathew, May Y. Choi, Michael D. Parkins and Marvin J. Fritzler

Osimertinib versus afatinib in patients with T790M-positive, non-small-cell lung cancer and multiple central nervous system metastases after failure of initial EGFR-TKI treatment

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of osimertinib (OSI) versus afatinib (AFA) in patients with T790M-positive, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and multiple central nervous system (CNS) me...

Authors: Yang Yang, Qilong Liu, Lei Cao, Wei Sun, Xiaowei Gu, Bin Liu, Na Xiao, Fei Teng, Xiaoli Li, Meiji Chen, Weiguang Yu, Huanyi Lin and Guixing Xu

Life-threatening hemoptysis accompanied by internal thoracic artery aneurysms in a 28-year-old perinatal woman: a case report

Life-threatening hemoptysis presents an immediate diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, especially during the perinatal period.

Authors: Yujun Li, Yuyao Wang, Zhike Liang, Chuzhi Pan, Xiaomei Huang, Zexun Mo, Guodong Chen, Dongliang Zhu, Ziwen Zhao and Shuquan Wei

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer: access to palliative care, emergency room visits and hospital deaths

Despite the severe symptoms experienced by dying COPD patients, specialized palliative care (SPC) services focus mainly on cancer patients. We aimed to study the access to SPC that COPD and lung cancer (LC) pa...

Authors: Peter Strang, Per Fürst, Christel Hedman, Jenny Bergqvist, Helena Adlitzer and Torbjörn Schultz

Is bronchial thermoplasty safe in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis or severe asthma with fungal sensitization?

Authors: Valliappan Muthu and Ritesh Agarwal

Prediction model for prolonged fever in patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia: a retrospective study of 716 pediatric patients

To identify patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) with a risk of prolonged fever while on macrolides.

Authors: Min Sik Jang, Bit Gyeol Kim and Jihye Kim

ORMDL3 regulates poly I:C induced inflammatory responses in airway epithelial cells

Oroscomucoid 3 (ORMDL3) has been linked to susceptibility of childhood asthma and respiratory viral infection. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) is a synthetic analog of viral double-stranded RNA, a t...

Authors: Gemma Laura, Yi Liu, Kieran Fernandes, Saffron A. G. Willis-Owen, Kazuhiro Ito, William O. Cookson, Miriam F. Moffatt and Youming Zhang

Long non-coding RNA GATA6-AS1 upregulates GATA6 to regulate the biological behaviors of lung adenocarcinoma cells

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is known to be one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths globally. In recent decades, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been indicated to exert pivotal regulating function...

Authors: Honggang Kang, Dan Ma, Jing Zhang, Jun Zhao and Mengxiang Yang

Baseline plasma KL-6 level predicts adverse outcomes in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis receiving nintedanib: a retrospective real-world cohort study

Nintedanib is effective for treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but some patients may exhibit a suboptimal response and develop on-treatment acute exacerbation (AE-IPF), hepatic injury, or mortality....

Authors: Tang-Hsiu Huang, Chin-Wei Kuo, Chian-Wei Chen, Yau-Lin Tseng, Chao-Liang Wu and Sheng-Hsiang Lin

Periprocedural safety and outcome after pump implantation for intravenous treprostinil administration in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension

In this retrospective observational study, we analyzed all patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension undergoing LenusPro® pump implantation between November 2013 and October 2019 at our center. Periprocedu...

Authors: Jan C. Kamp, Jan Fuge, Jan F. Karsten, Stefan Rümke, Marius M. Hoeper, Da-Hee Park, Christian Kühn and Karen M. Olsson

ID1 mediates resistance to osimertinib in EGFR T790M-positive non-small cell lung cancer through epithelial–mesenchymal transition

ID1 is associated with resistance to the first generation of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the effect of ID1 expression on osimertinib resistance i...

Authors: Kejun Liu, Xianwen Chen, Ligang Wu, Shiyuan Chen, Nianxin Fang, Limin Cai and Jun Jia

Asthma prevalence and associated factors among lebanese adults: the first national survey

No national research has yet explored the prevalence of asthma among adults in Lebanon. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma and current asthma, and their determinants among...

Authors: Zeina Akiki, Danielle Saadeh, Rita Farah, Souheil Hallit, Hala Sacre, Hassan Hosseini and Pascale Salameh

A comparison of diagnostic algorithms and clinical parameters to diagnose ventilator-associated pneumonia: a prospective observational study

Suspicion and clinical criteria continue to serve as the foundation for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) diagnosis, however the criteria used to diagnose VAP vary widely. Data from head-to-head comparison...

Authors: Farshid Rahimibashar, Andrew C. Miller, Mojtaba H. Yaghoobi and Amir Vahedian-Azimi

Effects of high-flow oxygen therapy on patients with hypoxemia after extubation and predictors of reintubation: a retrospective study based on the MIMIC-IV database

To investigate the indications for high-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC) therapy in patients with hypoxemia during ventilator weaning and to explore the predictors of reintubation when treatment fails.

Authors: Taotao Liu, Qinyu Zhao and Bin Du

One‐year clinically important deterioration and long‐term clinical course in Japanese patients with COPD: a multicenter observational cohort study

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease with a complex progression of many clinical presentations, and clinically important deterioration (CID) has been proposed in the Western ...

Authors: Yuki Abe, Masaru Suzuki, Hironi Makita, Hirokazu Kimura, Kaoruko Shimizu, Satoshi Konno and Masaharu Nishimura

A short-term evaluation of a prototype disposable Oscillating Positive Expiratory Pressure (OPEP) device in a cohort of children with cystic fibrosis

Oscillating Positive Expiratory Pressure (OPEP) devices are important adjuncts to airway clearance therapy in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Current devices are typically reusable and require daily, or of...

Authors: Kevin J. O’Sullivan, Valerie Power, Barry Linnane, Deirdre McGrath, Magdalena Mulligan, Rebecca White, Leonard W. O’Sullivan and Colum P. Dunne

Incidence, characteristics, and outcomes of delirium in patients with noninvasive ventilation: a prospective observational study

Factors that may increase the risk for delirium and the firm knowledge around mechanism for delirium in noninvasive ventilation (NIV) patients is lacking. We investigated the incidence, characteristics, and ou...

Authors: Rui Zhang, Linfu Bai, Xiaoli Han, Shicong Huang, Lintong Zhou and Jun Duan

Multifocal pleural capillary hemangioma: a rare cause of hemorrhagic pleural effusion-case report

Capillary hemangioma can be found in many organs, but rarely in pleura. Previously, only localized pleural capillary hemangioma cases have been reported. Corticosteroids are the most commonly recommended drugs...

Authors: Naifu Nie, Zhulin Liu, Jun Kang, Li Li and Guoqiang Cao

Clinical implications of bronchoscopy for immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

The utility of bronchoscopy for patients with suspected immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related pneumonitis is currently debatable. The purpose of this study was to examine the findings of bronchoalveolar la...

Authors: Osamu Nishiyama, Shigeki Shimizu, Koji Haratani, Kosuke Isomoto, Junko Tanizaki, Hidetoshi Hayashi, Ryo Yamazaki, Takashi Oomori, Yusaku Nishikawa, Akiko Sano, Kazuhiko Nakagawa and Yuji Tohda

Lefamulin efficacy and safety in a pooled phase 3 clinical trial population with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia and common clinical comorbidities

Lefamulin, a first-in-class pleuromutilin antibiotic approved for intravenous and oral use in adults with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP), was noninferior to moxifloxacin in the Lefamulin Evaluat...

Authors: Thomas M. File Jr., Elizabeth Alexander, Lisa Goldberg, Anita F. Das, Christian Sandrock, Susanne Paukner and Gregory J. Moran

Baseline spirometry parameters as predictors of airway hyperreactivity in adults with suspected asthma

Methacholine challenge tests (MCTs) are used to diagnose airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in patients with suspected asthma where previous diagnostic testing has been inconclusive. The test is time consuming a...

Authors: Michael Peled, David Ovadya, Jennifer Cohn, Lior Seluk, Teet Pullerits, Michael J. Segel and Amir Onn

Prognostic marker for severe acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: analysis of diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (D_LCO) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁)

It is important to assess the prognosis of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD). Recently, it was suggested that diffusing capacity of the lung for...

Authors: Juwhan Choi, Jae Kyeom Sim, Jee Youn Oh, Young Seok Lee, Gyu Young Hur, Sung Yong Lee, Jae Jeong Shim, Chin Kook Rhee and Kyung Hoon Min

Exploring the impact of number and type of comorbidities on the risk of severe COPD exacerbations in Korean Population: a Nationwide Cohort Study

It is difficult to assess the impact of multiple comorbidities on clinical outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we aimed to investigate exacerbation-associated comorbidities...

Authors: Youngmee Kim, Ye-Jee Kim, Yu Mi Kang and Won-Kyung Cho

A systematic review of the incidence, risk factors and prognosis of acute exacerbation of systemic autoimmune disease-associated interstitial lung disease

Acute exacerbation (AE) is a devastating phenomenon and reported to be complicated with systemic autoimmune disease-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD). The aim of this study was to investigate the inci...

Authors: Hiroyuki Kamiya and Ogee Mer Panlaqui

Tauroursodeoxycholic acid alleviates pulmonary endoplasmic reticulum stress and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis

Several studies demonstrate that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is involved in the process of bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Tauroursodeoxycholi...

Authors: Bin Tong, Lin Fu, Biao Hu, Zhi-Cheng Zhang, Zhu-Xia Tan, Se-Ruo Li, Yuan-Hua Chen, Cheng Zhang, Hua Wang, De-Xiang Xu and Hui Zhao

Emerging avenues in immunotherapy for the management of malignant pleural mesothelioma

The role of immunotherapy in cancer is now well-established, and therapeutic options such as checkpoint inhibitors are increasingly being approved in many cancers such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ma...

Authors: Steven G. Gray

A role for cardiopulmonary exercise testing in detecting physiological changes underlying health status in Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a feasibility study

There is limited data available on the use of CPET as a predictive tool for disease outcomes in the setting of IPF. We investigated the feasibility of undertaking CPET and the relationship between CPET and qua...

Authors: R. Davis, C. Dixon, A. B. Millar, N. A. Maskell and S. L. Barratt

The value of transbronchial lung biopsy in the diagnosis of lymphangioleiomyomatosis

Transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) in the diagnosis of lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is not a common approach, although TBLB is often performed in diffuse lung diseases. We aimed to examine the diagnostic valu...

Authors: Wenshuai Xu, Han Cui, Hongrui Liu, Ruie Feng, Xinlun Tian, Yanli Yang and Kai-Feng Xu