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  1. Asthma and allergic diseases are becoming increasingly frequent in children in urban centres of Latin America although the prevalence of allergic disease is still low in rural areas. Understanding better why t...

    Authors: Philip J Cooper, Martha E Chico, Maritza G Vaca, Alejandro Rodriguez, Neuza M Alcântara-Neves, Bernd Genser, Lain Pontes de Carvalho, Renato T Stein, Alvaro A Cruz, Laura C Rodrigues and Mauricio L Barreto
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:24
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  2. Several studies investigated the association of anemia with health related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with chronic disease. However, there is little evidence regarding the association of anemia with HR...

    Authors: Gokul Krishnan, Brydon J Grant, Paola C Muti, Archana Mishra, Heather M Ochs-Balcom, Jo L Freudenheim, Maurizio Trevisan and Holger J Schünemann
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:23
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the integrated Practical Approach to Lung Health in South Africa (PALSA) guideline in identifying patients requiring bacteriological screening for tuberculosis (TB), and ...

    Authors: René G English, Max O Bachmann, Eric D Bateman, Merrick F Zwarenstein, Lara R Fairall, Angeni Bheekie, Bosielo P Majara, Carl Lombard, Robert Scherpbier and Salah Eddine Ottomani
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:22
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. A design concept of low-cost, simple, fully mechanical model of a mechanically ventilated, passively breathing lung is developed. An example model is built to simulate a patient under mechanical ventilation wi...

    Authors: J Geoffrey Chase, Toshinori Yuta, Kerry J Mulligan, Geoffrey M Shaw and Beverley Horn
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:21
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

  5. In ventilated newborns the use of multiple breath washout (MBW) techniques for measuring both lung volume and ventilation inhomogeneity (VI) is hampered by the comparatively high dead space fraction. We studie...

    Authors: G Schmalisch, H Proquitté, CC Roehr and RR Wauer
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:20
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Anemic syndrome is a frequent problem in intensive care units. The most probable etiology is the suppression of the erythropoietin response due to the direct effects of cytokines, as well as frequent blood sam...

    Authors: David Yepes, Bladimir Gil, Olga Hernandez, Rodrigo Murillo, Marco Gonzalez and Juan Pablo Velasquez
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:18
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  8. The inhalation of normal or hypertonic saline during sputum induction (SI) may act as an indirect bronchoconstrictive stimulus leading to dyspnea and lung function deterioration. Our aim was to assess dyspnea ...

    Authors: Demosthenes Makris, Nikolaos Tzanakis, Joanna Moschandreas and Nikolaos M Siafakas
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:17
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Detecting serum antibody against inhaled antigens is an important diagnostic adjunct for hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). We sought to validate a quantitative fluorimetric assay testing serum from bird fanci...

    Authors: Charles McSharry, George M Dye, Tengku Ismail, Kenneth Anderson, Elizabeth M Spiers and Gavin Boyd
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:16
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. The prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases has increased in industrialised countries, and it is known that rates vary according whether the area is urban or rural and to socio-economic status. Surveys cond...

    Authors: Mauricio L Barreto, Sergio S Cunha, Neuza Alcântara-Neves, Lain P Carvalho, Álvaro A Cruz, Renato T Stein, Bernd Genser, Philip J Cooper and Laura C Rodrigues
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:15
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  11. Different lung function equipment and different respiratory manoeuvres may produce different Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) results. Although the PEF is the most common lung function test, there have been few stud...

    Authors: Thomas Bongers and B Ronan O'Driscoll
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:14
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. This study examined the attitudes and actions of 3415 physician-recruited adults aged ≥ 16 years with asthma in eleven countries who were prescribed regular maintenance therapy with inhaled corticosteroids or ...

    Authors: Martyn R Partridge, Thys van der Molen, Sven-Erik Myrseth and William W Busse
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:13
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Although personal cigarette smoking is the most important cause and modulator of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure could influence the course of the disease. Despite...

    Authors: Mark D Eisner, John Balmes, Edward H Yelin, Patricia P Katz, S Katherine Hammond, Neal Benowitz and Paul D Blanc
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:12
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Although both smoking and respiratory complaints are very common, tools to improve diagnostic accuracy are scarce in primary care. This study aimed to reveal what inflammatory patterns prevail in clinically es...

    Authors: Niels H Chavannes, Juanita HJ Vernooy, Tjard RJ Schermer, Jan A Jacobs, Mieke A Dentener, Chris van Weel, Onno CP van Schayck and Emiel FM Wouters
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:11
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Although it is recognised that smoking is a major risk factor for subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and is associated with respiratory symptoms, there is less agreement concerning the relatio...

    Authors: Peter Frank, Julie Morris, Michelle Hazell, Mary Linehan and Timothy Frank
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:10
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, a complex chronic lung disease in premature children in which oxidative stress and surfactant deficiency play a crucial role, is characterized by arrested alveolar and vascular deve...

    Authors: Simone AJ ter Horst, Margot Fijlstra, Sujata Sengupta, Frans J Walther and Gerry TM Wagenaar
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:8
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Symptomatic respiratory tract involvement is not common in Crohn's disease. Upper-airway obstruction has been reported before in Crohn's disease and usually responds well to steroid treatment.

    Authors: Maria Plataki, Eleni Tzortzaki, Irene Lambiri, Elpida Giannikaki, Armin Ernst and Nikolaos M Siafakas
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:7
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  19. Smoking is known to cause chronic inflammatory changes in the bronchi and to contribute to airway hyper-reactivity, such as in bronchial asthma. To study the effect of smoking on the endothelin system in rat a...

    Authors: Bengt W Granström, Cang-Bao Xu, Elisabeth Nilsson, Petter Vikman and Lars Edvinsson
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:6
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. A quantitative understanding of airway sizes and proportions and a reference point for comparisons are important to a pediatric bronchoscopist. The aims of this study were to measure large airway areas, and de...

    Authors: Ian B Masters, Robert S Ware, Paul V Zimmerman, Brian Lovell, Richard Wootton, Paul V Francis and Anne B Chang
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:5
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Clearance of inhaled technetium-labeled diethylenetriamine pentaacetate (99mTc-DTPA) is a marker of epithelial damage and an index of lung epithelial permeability. The aim of this study was to investigate the rol...

    Authors: Katerina M Antoniou, Katerina Malagari, Nikolaos Tzanakis, Kostas Perisinakis, Emmanouil K Symvoulakis, Nikolaos Karkavitsas, Nikolaos M Siafakas and Demosthenes Bouros
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:4
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Systemic inflammation is associated with various complications in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease including weight loss, cachexia, osteoporosis, cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Inhaled corticosteroid...

    Authors: Don D Sin, SF Paul Man, Darcy D Marciniuk, Gordon Ford, Mark FitzGerald, Eric Wong, Ernest York, Rajesh R Mainra, Warren Ramesh, Lyle S Melenka, Eric Wilde, Robert L Cowie, Dave Williams and Roxanne Rousseau
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:3
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  23. Reduced forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) has been linked to non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, it is unclear whether all or only certain histological subtypes of NSCLC are associated with r...

    Authors: Samir Malhotra, Stephen Lam, SF Paul Man, Wen Q Gan and Don D Sin
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:2
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Hemoptysis is a significant clinical presentation in respiratory medicine. Often a life threatening emergency, it mandates prompt assessment and intervention. Various investigations and management protocols ar...

    Authors: Omer Ashraf
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2006 6:1
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  25. Hepatocyte and keratinocyte growth factors are key growth factors in the process of alveolar repair. We hypothesized that excessive alveolar destruction observed in lung emphysema involves impaired expression ...

    Authors: Marcel Bonay, Anne Boutten, Véronique Leçon-Malas, Joëlle Marchal, Paul Soler, Michel Fournier, Guy Leseche, Monique Dehoux and Bruno Crestani
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2005 5:13
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Recent studies suggest that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors may have beneficial effects for patients at risk for some types of infections. We examined the effect of prior outpatient use of ACE i...

    Authors: Eric M Mortensen, Marcos I Restrepo, Antonio Anzueto and Jacqueline Pugh
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2005 5:12
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Infectious respiratory diseases are transmitted to non-infected subjects when an infected person expels pathogenic microorganisms to the surrounding environment when coughing or sneezing. When the airway mucus...

    Authors: Gustavo Zayas, John Dimitry, Ana Zayas, Darryl O'Brien and Malcolm King
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2005 5:11
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. The effects of changes in cooling temperature on biomarker levels in exhaled breath condensate have been little investigated. The aim of the study was to test the effect of condensation temperature on the para...

    Authors: Matteo Goldoni, Andrea Caglieri, Roberta Andreoli, Diana Poli, Paola Manini, Maria Vittoria Vettori, Massimo Corradi and Antonio Mutti
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2005 5:10
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. We hypothesized that sympathetic nervous system activity (SNSA) is increased and parasympathetic nervous system activity (PNSA) is decreased during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in non-apneic, otherwise ...

    Authors: Gregory J Gates, Susan E Mateika and Jason H Mateika
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2005 5:9
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Sarcoidosis is thought to be a T-helper type 1 cytokine (Th2 cytokine) mediated disorder. Induced sputum (IS) has been proposed as a useful non-invasive method, mainly for the assessment of the airway diseases...

    Authors: Ioanna Tsiligianni, Katerina M Antoniou, Despina Kyriakou, Nikolaos Tzanakis, George Chrysofakis, Nikolaos M Siafakas and Demosthenes Bouros
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2005 5:8
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Asthma changes both the volume and patterns of healthcare of affected people. Most studies of asthma health care utilization have been done in selected insured populations or in a single site such as the emerg...

    Authors: Barbara P Yawn, George E Fryer, Robert L Phillips, Susan M Dovey, David Lanier and Larry A Green
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2005 5:7
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. There is considerable evidence from the literature that children with chronic lung disease of infancy (CLD) have abnormal pulmonary function in childhood and this could have an impact on their life quality and...

    Authors: Saad Alotaibi, David Johnson, Mark Montegomery, Reginald Sauve and Sheldon Spier
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2005 5:6
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  33. The recent increase in childhood asthma has been a puzzling one. Recent views focus on the role of infection in the education of the immune system of young children. However, this so called hygiene hypothesis ...

    Authors: Wasim Maziak
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2005 5:5
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  34. Multiple studies have linked fungal exposure to asthma, but the link to severe asthma is controversial. We studied the relationship between asthma severity and immediate type hypersensitivity to mold (fungal) ...

    Authors: B Ronan O'Driscoll, Linda C Hopkinson and David W Denning
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2005 5:4
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Whether inhaled corticosteroids suppress airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains controversial. We sought to determine the effects of inhaled corticosteroids on sputum indic...

    Authors: Wen Qi Gan, SF Paul Man and Don D Sin
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2005 5:3
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Asthma is a complex genetic disease with more than 20 genome-wide scans conducted so far. Regions on almost every chromosome have been linked to asthma and several genes have been associated. However, most of ...

    Authors: Janine Altmüller, Corinna Seidel, Young-Ae Lee, Sabine Loesgen, Dieter Bulle, Frank Friedrichs, Heidemarie Jellouschek, Julika Kelber, Angela Keller, Antje Schuster, Michael Silbermann, Wolfgang Wahlen, Peter Wolff, Gerhard Schlenvoigt, Franz Rüschendorf, Peter Nürnberg…
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2005 5:1
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Prophylactic treatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) for 3 months or more is associated with a reduction in the frequency of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This raises the questio...

    Authors: Peter N Black, Althea Morgan-Day, Tracey E McMillan, Phillippa J Poole and Robert P Young
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2004 4:13
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) commonly require hospitalization and admission to intensive care unit (ICU). It is useful to identify patients at the time of ad...

    Authors: GC Khilnani, Amit Banga and SK Sharma
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2004 4:12
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. A number of subjects, especially the very young and the elderly, are unable to cooperate and to perform forced expiratory manoeuvres in the evaluation of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR). The objective of o...

    Authors: Panagiotis Panagou, Ioannis Kottakis, Argyris Tzouvelekis, Stavros Anevlavis and Demosthenes Bouros
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2004 4:11
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Many trials of nebulized therapy have used nebulized saline as a "placebo". However, nebulized isotonic saline is sometimes used to assist sputum expectoration and relieve breathlessness in COPD patients. We d...

    Authors: Shahina Y Khan and B Ronan O'Driscoll
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2004 4:9
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Non-invasive monitoring of respiratory muscle function is an area of increasing research interest, resulting in the appearance of new monitoring devices, one of these being piezoelectric contact sensors. The p...

    Authors: José Antonio Fiz, Raimon Jané, Abel Torres, Josep Morera, Batxi Galdiz, Joaquín Gea and Alejandro Grassino
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2004 4:8
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

  44. The long acting β2-agonists, salmeterol and formoterol, have been recommended, by some, as first line treatment of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We reviewed evidence of efficacy and safe...

    Authors: Don Husereau, Vijay Shukla, Michel Boucher, Shaila Mensinkai and Robert Dales
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2004 4:7
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. The predictive role of many cytokines has not been well defined in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS).

    Authors: Demosthenes Bouros, Michael G Alexandrakis, Katerina M Antoniou, Panagiotis Agouridakis, Ioannis Pneumatikos, Stavros Anevlavis, Athanasia Pataka, George Patlakas, Nikolaos Karkavitsas and Despina Kyriakou
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2004 4:6
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Physical exercise has become a cornerstone of management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) because it leads to clinically relevant improvements of exercise capacity and health-related quality of ...

    Authors: Milo A Puhan, Gilbert Büsching, Evelien vanOort, Christian Zaugg, Holger J Schünemann and Martin Frey
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2004 4:5
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  47. We tested the hypothesis that ventilatory drive in hypoxia and hypercapnia is inversely correlated with the number of hypopneas and obstructive apneas per hour of sleep (obstructive apnea hypopnea index, OAHI)...

    Authors: Ralph F Fregosi, Stuart F Quan, Andrew C Jackson, Kris L Kaemingk, Wayne J Morgan, Jamie L Goodwin, Jenny C Reeder, Rosaria K Cabrera and Elena Antonio
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2004 4:4
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) which is an important part of all nosocomial infections in intensive care unit (ICU) is a serious illness with substantial morbidity and mortality, and increases costs of ...

    Authors: Riza Hakan Erbay, Ata Nevzat Yalcin, Mehmet Zencir, Simay Serin and Habip Atalay
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2004 4:3
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is thought to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of asthma. High levels of circulating IL-5 have been documented in acute asthma. However, serum IL-5 levels in mild to moderate asthma...

    Authors: Jose Joseph, Sheela Benedict, Wassef Safa and Maries Joseph
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2004 4:2
    Content type: Research article Published on:
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BMC Pulmonary Medicine

ISSN: 1471-2466

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