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  1. The 2013 GOLD classification system for COPD distinguishes four stages: A (low symptoms, low exacerbation risk), B (high symptoms, low risk), C (low symptoms, high risk) and D (high symptoms, high risk). Asses...

    Authors: Lucas M A Goossens, Inge Leimer, Norbert Metzdorf, Karin Becker and Maureen P M H Rutten-van Mölken
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:163
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Wheezing during early life is a very common disorder, but the reasons underlying the different wheezing phenotypes are still unclear. The aims of this study were to analyse the potential correlations between t...

    Authors: Susanna Esposito, Valentina Ierardi, Cristina Daleno, Alessia Scala, Leonardo Terranova, Claudia Tagliabue, Walter Peves Rios, Claudio Pelucchi and Nicola Principi
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:162
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. In epidemiological studies of asthma, questionnaires to differentiate asthmatics from non-asthmatics have proven to be cost-effective and convenient. The aim of this study was to analyze the association betwee...

    Authors: So Yeon Lim, Young Joo Jo and Eun Mi Chun
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:161
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by reversible obstruction, inflammation and hyperresponsiveness to different stimulus. Aerobic and breathing exercises have been demonstrated to be...

    Authors: Karen B Evaristo, Milene G Saccomani, Milton A Martins, Alberto Cukier, Rafael Stelmach, Marcos R Rodrigues, Danilo F Santaella and Celso RF Carvalho
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:160
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  5. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by recurrent respiratory infections and progressive lung disease. Whereas exercise may contribute to preserving lung function, its benefit is difficult to ascertain given ...

    Authors: Joseph M Collaco, Scott M Blackman, Karen S Raraigh, Christopher B Morrow, Garry R Cutting and Shruti M Paranjape
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:159
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Indacaterol is a long-acting beta-2 agonist for once-daily treatment of COPD. We evaluated the effects of indacaterol 150 μg on lung hyperinflation compared with placebo and open-label tiotropium 18 μg. We mea...

    Authors: Henrik Watz, Felix Krippner, Anne Kirsten, Helgo Magnussen and Claus Vogelmeier
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:158
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Many people with clinically significant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remain undiagnosed worldwide. There are a number of small studies which have examined possible methods of case finding throu...

    Authors: Rachel E Jordan, Peymané Adab, Sue Jowett, Jen L Marsh, Richard D Riley, Alexandra Enocson, Martin R Miller, Brendan G Cooper, Alice M Turner, Jon G Ayres, Kar Keung Cheng, Kate Jolly, Robert A Stockley, Sheila Greenfield, Stanley Siebert, Amanda Daley…
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:157
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  8. Nasal potential difference (NPD) and intestinal current measurement (ICM) are functional CFTR tests that are used as adjunctive diagnostic tools for cystic fibrosis (CF). Smoking has a systemic negative impact on...

    Authors: Azadeh Bagheri-Hanson, Sebastian Nedwed, Claudia Rueckes-Nilges and Lutz Naehrlich
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:156
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. The surgical resection of lung disrupts glucose homeostasis and causes hyperglycemia, as in any other major surgery or critical illness. We performed a prospective study where we carefully lowered hyperglycemi...

    Authors: Zdenek Ručka, Irena Koutná, Lenka Tesařová, Michaela Potěšilová, Stanislav Stejskal, Pavel Šimara, Petr Vaňhara, Jan Doležel, Vaclav Zvoníček, Oldřich Coufal and Ivan Čapov
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:155
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Exposure to perinatal anxiety affects disease susceptibility in offspring but studies on the association between perinatal anxiety and gene polymorphisms are lacking. This study aimed to elucidate the interact...

    Authors: Eun Lee, Hyoung Yoon Chang, Kyung-Sook Lee, Dong In Suh, Ho-Sung Yu, Mi-Jin Kang, In Ae Choi, Jinah Park, Kyung Won Kim, Youn Ho Shin, Kang Mo Ahn, Ja-Young Kwon, Suk-Joo Choi, Kyung-Ju Lee, Hye-Sung Won, Song I Yang…
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:154
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine if there are differences in cardiovascular co-morbidities, blood pressure (BP) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) use between patients with positi...

    Authors: Yi-Chih Huang, Chun-Yao Lin, Chou-Chin Lan, Yao-Kuang Wu, Chor-Shen Lim, Chun-Yao Huang, Hsuan-Li Huang, Kuan-Hung Yeh, Yu-Chih Liu and Mei-Chen Yang
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:153
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Nucleotide-binding oligomerizing domain-1 (NOD1) is a cytoplasmic receptor involved in recognizing bacterial peptidoglycan fragments that localize to the cytosol. NOD1 activation triggers inflammation, antimic...

    Authors: Esmeralda Juárez, Claudia Carranza, Fernando Hernández-Sánchez, Elva Loyola, Dante Escobedo, Juan Carlos León-Contreras, Rogelio Hernández-Pando, Martha Torres and Eduardo Sada
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:152
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Patients with COPD frequently have systemic comorbidities that often require unscheduled hospitalization for exacerbation a...

    Authors: Wakae Hasegawa, Yasuhiro Yamauchi, Hideo Yasunaga, Mitsuhiro Sunohara, Taisuke Jo, Hiroki Matsui, Kiyohide Fushimi, Kazutaka Takami and Takahide Nagase
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:151
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Pulmonary exacerbation is one of the main risk factors for death in patients with cystic fibrosis. Several biomarkers have proven useful in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary exacerbations, although none...

    Authors: Rosa Maria Girón-Moreno, José L Justicia, Sara Yamamoto, Claudia Valenzuela, Carolina Cisneros, Rosa Mar Gómez-Punter, Gilda Fernandes-Vasconcelos and Julio Ancochea
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:150
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. ATS/ERS Task Force has highlighted that special attention must be paid when FEV1 and FVC are concomitantly decreased (<5th percentile) and the FEV1/FVC ratio is normal (>5th percentile) because a possible cause o...

    Authors: Brigitte Chevalier-Bidaud, Karine Gillet-Juvin, Etienne Callens, Romain Chenu, Sémia Graba, Mohamed Essalhi and Christophe Delclaux
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:148
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Indoor particulate matter (PM) has been linked to respiratory symptoms in former smokers with COPD. While subjects with COPD and atopy have also been shown to have more frequent respiratory symptoms, whether t...

    Authors: Deepak A Kaji, Andrew J Belli, Meredith C McCormack, Elizabeth C Matsui, D’Ann L Williams, Laura Paulin, Nirupama Putcha, Roger D Peng, Gregory B Diette, Patrick N Breysse and Nadia N Hansel
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:147
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Strength training and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) are effective training modalities for improving muscle function, exercise performance and health status in individuals with COPD. The aim of th...

    Authors: Maurice JH Sillen, Frits ME Franssen, Anouk W Vaes, Jeannet ML Delbressine, Emiel FM Wouters and Martijn A Spruit
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:146
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Thyroid dysfunction has been described to be linked to a variety of cardiovascular morbidities. Through this pathway thyroid function might also be associated with cardiorespiratory function and exercise capac...

    Authors: Till Ittermann, Sven Gläser, Ralf Ewert, Stephan Felix, Henry Völzke and Marcus Dörr
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:145
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Viral pathogens were more commonly reported than previously estimated in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients. However, the real role of virus was still controversial.

    Authors: Yangqing Zhan, Zifeng Yang, Rongchang Chen, Yutao Wang, Wenda Guan and Suishan Zhao
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:144
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) is an essential mediator of angiogenesis that establishes vascular integrity, and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) acts as its natural inhibitor. We considered that angiopoietin might be important...

    Authors: Kuk-Young Moon, PuReun-HaNeul Lee, Sung-Woo Park, Choon-Sik Park and An-Soo Jang
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:143
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Moderate-intensity exercise training improves skeletal muscle aerobic capacity and increased oxidative enzyme activity, as well as exercise tolerance in COPD patients.

    Authors: Chun-Hua Wang, Pai-Chien Chou, Wen-Ching Joa, Li-Fei Chen, Te-Fang Sheng, Shu-Chuan Ho, Horng-Chyuan Lin, Chien-Da Huang, Fu-Tsai Chung, Kian Fan Chung and Han-Pin Kuo
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:142
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a long-term complication following an acute pulmonary embolism (PE). It is frequently diagnosed at advanced stages which is concerning as delayed treatm...

    Authors: Matthias Held, Alexander Hesse, Franziska Gött, Regina Holl, Gudrun Hübner, Philipp Kolb, Heinz Jakob Langen, Tobias Romen, Franziska Walter, Hans Joachim Schäfers, Heinrike Wilkens and Berthold Jany
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:141
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs) provoke cognitive and structural brain disorders. Because these disorders have been associated with unsafe gait characterized by an increase in stride-to-stride variab...

    Authors: Sébastien Celle, Cédric Annweiler, Richard Camicioli, Jean-Claude Barthélémy, Frédéric Roche and Olivier Beauchet
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:140
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a distinct form of interstitial pneumonia with unknown origin and poor prognosis. Current pharmacologic treatments are limited and lung transplantation is a viable option...

    Authors: Kristin D Kistler, Luba Nalysnyk, Philip Rotella and Dirk Esser
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:139
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura (SFTP) are rare and their long-term outcome is difficult to predict, as there are insufficient data which allow accurate characterization of the malignant variant. Thus th...

    Authors: Daniel Franzen, Matthias Diebold, Alex Soltermann, Didier Schneiter, Peter Kestenholz, Rolf Stahel, Walter Weder and Malcolm Kohler
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:138
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) is a useful diagnosis tool in low-burden countries for patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) who are smear-negative or sputum-scarce. This study sought to determine ...

    Authors: Pierre Le Palud, Vincent Cattoir, Brigitte Malbruny, Romain Magnier, Karine Campbell, Youssef Oulkhouir, Gérard Zalcman and Emmanuel Bergot
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:137
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is used to measure exercise capacity and assess prognosis in interstitial lung disease (ILD). Although the 6MWT is usually considered to be a test of submaximal exercise capacity ...

    Authors: Anne E Holland, Leona Dowman, Julio Fiore Jr, Danny Brazzale, Catherine J Hill and Christine F McDonald
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:136
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by overwhelming inflammatory responses and lung remodeling. We hypothesized that leukocyte infiltration during the inflammatory response modulates ep...

    Authors: Qiuhua Chen, Alice Aili Luo, Haibo Qiu, Bing Han, Bruce Hsin-Kuo Ko, Arthur S Slutsky and Haibo Zhang
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:135
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. It is widely recognized that health-related quality of life (HRQL) is impaired in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), but there is a lack of research on longitudinal associations of COP...

    Authors: Margarethe E Wacker, Matthias Hunger, Stefan Karrasch, Joachim Heinrich, Annette Peters, Holger Schulz and Rolf Holle
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:134
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Being a contact of a pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) case is a risk factor for active and latent TB. The objective of this study is to determine the contact tracing yield using two different programmatic definitio...

    Authors: Carla Loredo, Michelle Cailleaux–Cezar, Anne Efron, Fernanda Carvalho Queiroz de Mello and Marcus Barreto Conde
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:133
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Inheritance of the F variant of alpha-1-antitrypsin is associated with normal circulating protein levels, but it is believed to be dysfunctional in its ability to inhibit neutrophil elastase and therefore has ...

    Authors: Nicola Jane Sinden, Firas Koura and Robert Andrew Stockley
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:132
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a growing worldwide problem that imposes a great burden on the daily life of patients. Since there is no cure, the goal of treating COPD is to maintain or improv...

    Authors: Annerika HM Slok, Johannes CCM in ’t Veen, Niels H Chavannes, Thys van der Molen, Maureen PMH Rutten-van Mölken, Huib AM Kerstjens, Guus M Asijee, Philippe L Salomé, Sebastiaan Holverda, Richard PN Dekhuijzen, Denise Schuiten, Gerard van Breukelen, Daniel Kotz and Onno CP van Schayck
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:131
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  34. Air pollution has many negative health effects on the general population, especially children, subjects with underlying chronic disease and the elderly. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of t...

    Authors: Susanna Esposito, Carlotta Galeone, Mara Lelii, Benedetta Longhi, Beatrice Ascolese, Laura Senatore, Elisabetta Prada, Valentina Montinaro, Stefano Malerba, Maria Francesca Patria and Nicola Principi
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:130
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Serum KL-6 is a useful biomarker for the diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases (ILD). However, KL-6 has not been used to discriminate different types of ILD. Serum KL-6 concentrations can vary depending on a...

    Authors: Hiroshi Ohnishi, Shintaro Miyamoto, Shigeo Kawase, Tetsuya Kubota and Akihito Yokoyama
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:129
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Bacteremia by Streptococcus pneumoniae has been traditionally associated with poor outcomes in patients with pneumonia; however, data on its impact on outcomes are limited and are sometimes contradictory.

    Authors: Alberto Capelastegui, Rafael Zalacain, Amaia Bilbao, Mikel Egurrola, Luis Alberto Ruiz Iturriaga, Jose M Quintana, Ainhoa Gomez, Cristobal Esteban and Pedro P España
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:128
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Long term oxygen therapy (LTOT) has a strong evidence base in COPD patients with respiratory failure, but prescribing practices are recognized to need reform to ensure appropriate use and minimize costs. In th...

    Authors: Alice M Turner, Sourav Sen, Cathryn Steeley, Yasmin Khan, Pamela Sweeney, Yvonne Richards and Rahul Mukherjee
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:127
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Nitric oxide can be measured at multiple flow rates to determine proximal (maximum airway nitric oxide flux; JawNO) and distal inflammation (alveolar nitric oxide concentration; CANO). The main aim was to study t...

    Authors: Olaia Sardón, Paula Corcuera, Ane Aldasoro, Javier Korta, Javier Mintegui, José I Emparanza and Eduardo G Pérez-Yarza
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:126
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. The effectiveness of clinic-based pulmonary rehabilitation in advanced COPD is well established, but few data exist for less severe patients treated in alternative settings. The purpose of this study was to in...

    Authors: Shefalee Amin, Marlon Abrazado, Molly Quinn, Thomas W Storer, Chi-Hong Tseng and Christopher B Cooper
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:125
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Patients with COPD are at risk of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection (NTM). This study examined the histology of lung tissue from COPD patients following lung volume reduction with particular focus on evi...

    Authors: Anjali Char, Nick S Hopkinson, David M Hansell, Andrew G Nicholson, Emily C Shaw, Samuel J Clark, Philip Sedgwick, Robert Wilson, Simon Jordan and Michael R Loebinger
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:124
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. The role of mixed pneumonia (virus + bacteria) in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has been described in recent years. However, it is not known whether the systemic inflammatory profile is different compared...

    Authors: Salvador Bello, Elisa Mincholé, Sergio Fandos, Ana B Lasierra, María A Ruiz, Ana L Simon, Carolina Panadero, Carlos Lapresta, Rosario Menendez and Antoni Torres
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:123
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Eotaxin proteins are a potential therapeutic target in treating the peribronchial eosinophilia associated with allergic airway diseases. Since inflammation is often associated with an increased generation of r...

    Authors: In-Hee Cho, Ju-Hyun Gong, Min-Kyung Kang, Eun-Jung Lee, Jung Han Yoon Park, Sang-Jae Park and Young-Hee Kang
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:122
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Systemic inflammation plays an important role in the initiation, promotion, and progression of lung carcinogenesis. In patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), fibrinogen levels correlate with neoplas...

    Authors: Maria Tereza Aguiar Pessoa Morano, Rafael Mesquita, Guilherme Pinheiro Ferreira Da Silva, Amanda Souza Araújo, Juliana Maria De Sousa Pinto, Antero Gomes Neto, Cyntia Maria Sampaio Viana, Manoel Odorico De Moraes Filho and Eanes Delgado Barros Pereira
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:121
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive parenchymal lung disease of unknown aetiology and poor prognosis, characterized by altered tissue repair and fibrosis. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a c...

    Authors: Susanna Estany, Vanesa Vicens-Zygmunt, Roger Llatjós, Ana Montes, Rosa Penín, Ignacio Escobar, Antoni Xaubet, Salud Santos, Frederic Manresa, Jordi Dorca and Maria Molina-Molina
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:120
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Bronchodilator medications are central to the symptomatic management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) are the most commonly used devices to deliver treatment to pat...

    Authors: Stephen Rennard, Charles Fogarty, Colin Reisner, Carlos Fernandez, Tracy Fischer, Michael Golden, Earl St Rose, Patrick Darken, Gregory Tardie and Chadwick Orevillo
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:118
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is a serious global public health problem. Understanding the correlates of SHS exposure could guide the development of evidence based SHS exposure reduction interventions. Th...

    Authors: Abu S Abdullah, Pete Driezen, Genevieve Sansone, Nigar Nargis, Ghulam AKM Hussain, Anne CK Quah and Geoffrey T Fong
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:117
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. In healthy lungs, deposited micrometer-sized particles are efficiently phagocytosed by macrophages present on airway surfaces; however, uptake of nanoparticles (NP) by macrophages appears less effective and is...

    Authors: Marianne Geiser, Christoph Wigge, Melanie L Conrad, Sylvie Eigeldinger-Berthou, Lisa Künzi, Holger Garn, Harald Renz and Marcus A Mall
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:116
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Glutamine (GLN) has been reported to improve clinical and experimental sepsis outcomes. However, the mechanisms underlying the actions of GLN remain unclear, and may depend upon the route of GLN administration...

    Authors: Yin-Ching Chuang, Huey-Mei Shaw, Chi-Chung Chen, He-Jia Pan, Wei-Chih Lai and Hui-Ling Huang
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:115
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Epidemiological and animal models studies generate hypotheses for innovative strategies in OSA manage...

    Authors: Jose M Marin, Jorge Artal, Teresa Martin, Santiago J Carrizo, Marta Andres, Inmaculada Martin-Burriel, Rosa Bolea, Arianne Sanz, Luis Varona, Javier Godino, Begoña Gallego, Jose A Garcia-Erce, Isabel Villar, Victoria Gil, Marta Forner, Jose P Cubero…
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2014 14:114
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:
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BMC Pulmonary Medicine

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