Articles

The long-term effect of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor on cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent patients with cystic fibrosis: a pilot observational study

Physical activity is a crucial demand on cystic fibrosis treatment management. The highest value of oxygen uptake (VO_2peak) is an appropriate tool to evaluate the physical activity in these patients. However, the...

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Changes in respiratory infection trends during the COVID-19 pandemic in patients with haematologic malignancy

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed respiratory infection patterns globally. However, its impact on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in high-risk patients with haematological maligna...

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Persisting exercise ventilatory inefficiency in subjects recovering from COVID-19. Longitudinal data analysis 34 months post-discharge

SARS-CoV-2 infection has raised concerns about long-term health repercussions. Exercise ventilatory inefficiency (EVin) has emerged as a notable long-term sequela, potentially impacting respiratory and cardiovasc...

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The impact of comorbidities on prolonged mechanical ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and acute respiratory failure, approximately 10% of them are considered to be at high risk for prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV, > 21 days). P...

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Do middle-aged patients with onset of idiopathic scoliosis before the age of 10 years who have reduced pulmonary function have a risk for rapid decline – a comparative study

Knowledge concerning pulmonary function in adult patients with onset of idiopathic scoliosis before age 10 is sparse. A long-term follow-up (FU, mean 26 years, > 12 years after treatment) of pulmonary function...

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Experiences of living with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in relation to physical activity - “How the hills became steeper and steeper”: a qualitative interview study

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease presenting with symptoms like dyspnoea, dry cough, and fatigue, which affect physical function and quality of life. No earlier qualitative studies h...

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Machine learning classifier is associated with mortality in interstitial lung disease: a retrospective validation study leveraging registry data

Mortality prediction in interstitial lung disease (ILD) poses a significant challenge to clinicians due to heterogeneity across disease subtypes. Currently, forced vital capacity (FVC) and Gender, Age, and Phy...

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Risk factors of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy for resectable NSCLC

The incidence of checkpoint inhibitor-associated pneumonitis (CIP) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been substantiated through large-scale clinical trials or real-world studies. However, repo...

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Early pathophysiology-driven airway pressure release ventilation versus low tidal volume ventilation strategy for patients with moderate-severe ARDS: study protocol for a randomized, multicenter, controlled trial

Conventional Mechanical ventilation modes used for individuals suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome have the potential to exacerbate lung injury through regional alveolar overinflation and/or rep...

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Predictive value of bronchoscopy combined with CT score for refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children

Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is prevalent in paediatric patients and can progress to refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP).

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The role of seven tumor-associated autoantibodies in the diagnosis, staging and treatment guidance of lung cancer

This study assessed the diagnosis, staging and treatment guidance of lung cancer (LC) based on seven tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAAbs) —p53, PGP9.5, SOX2, GBU4-5, MAGE A1, CAGE, and GAGE7.

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Continuous estimation of respiratory system compliance and airway resistance during pressure-controlled ventilation without end-inspiration occlusion

Assessing mechanical properties of the respiratory system (C_st) during mechanical ventilation necessitates an end-inspiration flow of zero, which requires an end-inspiratory occlusion maneuver. This lung model st...

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NGEF is a potential prognostic biomarker and could serve as an indicator for immunotherapy and chemotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma

Neuronal guanine nucleotide exchange factor (NGEF) plays a key role in several cancers; however, its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of NG...

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Monitoring COPD patients: systemic and bronchial eosinophilic inflammation in a 2-year follow-up

High blood eosinophils seem to predict exacerbations and response to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) treatment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of our study was to prospecti...

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Predictive value of radiomic features extracted from primary lung adenocarcinoma in forecasting thoracic lymph node metastasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The application of radiomics in thoracic lymph node metastasis (LNM) of lung adenocarcinoma is increasing, but diagnostic performance of radiomics from primary tumor to predict LNM has not been systematically ...

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Longitudinal changes in serum immunoglobulin G testing in patients with fibrotic avian hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Evaluation of the antigen responsible for fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is challenging. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G testing against HP-associated antigens is performed. Although single-serum IgG t...

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Domiciliary monitoring of exhaled nitric oxide in the management of asthma: a pilot study

Whether asthma patients could benefit from home monitoring for fractional exhaled nitric oxide (flow of 50 mL/s, Fe_NO50) is unknown. We explore the application value of home monitoring Fe_NO50 in daily asthma mana...

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A prospective, open-label, randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of remimazolam in patients undergoing EBUS-TBNA: REST trial design

Remimazolam is safe and effective for moderate sedation during flexible bronchoscopy, but its safety and efficacy during endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) remains und...

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Associations between immune cell phenotypes and lung cancer subtypes: insights from mendelian randomization analysis

Lung cancer is a common malignant tumor, and different types of immune cells may have different effects on the occurrence and development of lung cancer subtypes, including lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) ...

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Clinical significance of pleural fluid lactate dehydrogenase/adenosine deaminase ratio in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion

Pleural fluid is one of the common complications of thoracic diseases, and tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) is the most common cause of pleural effusion in TB-endemic areas and the most common type of exudat...

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Genetic variations in anti-diabetic drug targets and COPD risk: evidence from mendelian randomization

Previous research has emphasized the potential benefits of anti-diabetic medications in inhibiting the exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), yet the role of anti-diabetic drugs on COPD ...

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Implications of GCLC in prognosis and immunity of lung adenocarcinoma and multi-omics regulation mechanisms

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent type of regulated cell death, and has been implicated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Evidence has proved the key role of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) in f...

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Biodegradable tracheal stents: our ten-year experience with adult patients

Biodegradable (BD) stents made from polydioxanone have been used only in human airways. These stents combine the advantages of classical tracheal stents, and fewer side effects are expected due to their biocom...

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Metformin attenuates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury and necroptosis through AMPK pathway in type 2 diabetic recipient rats

Diabetes mellitus (DM) can aggravate lung ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and is a significant risk factor for recipient mortality after lung transplantation. Metformin protects against I/R injury in a varie...

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Aerobic exercise training engages the canonical wnt pathway to improve pulmonary function and inflammation in COPD

We studied whether the exercise improves cigarette smoke (CS) induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in mice through inhibition of inflammation mediated by Wnt/β-catenin-peroxisome proliferator-a...

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Genetically determined gut microbiota associates with pulmonary arterial hypertension: a Mendelian randomization study

Emerging evidences have demonstrated that gut microbiota composition is associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the underlying causality between intestinal dysbiosis and PAH remains unr...

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Correction: Effect of doxofylline on pulmonary inflammatory response and oxidative stress during mechanical ventilation in rats with COPD

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Immediate cardiopulmonary responses to consecutive pulmonary embolism: a randomized, controlled, experimental study

Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) induces ventilation-perfusion mismatch and hypoxia and increases pulmonary pressure and right ventricular (RV) afterload, entailing potentially fatal RV failure within a short tim...

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SABINA + Hong Kong: a territory wide study of prescribing trends and outcomes associated with the use of short-acting β2 agonists in the Chinese population

Excessive use of short-acting β2 agonists (SABA) in patients with asthma continues to be a notable concern due to its link to higher mortality rates. Global relevance of SABA overuse in asthma management canno...

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Effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on functional and psychological parameters in post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) patients

COVID-19 survivors may develop long-term symptoms of fatigue, dyspnea, mental health issues, and functional limitations: a condition termed post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR)...

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Comparison of a portable, pneumotach flow-sensor–based spirometer (Spirofy™) with the vitalograph alpha Touch™ spirometer in evaluating lung function in healthy individuals, asthmatics, and COPD patients—a randomized, crossover study

Spirofy™ is India’s first portable, pneumotach flow-sensor-based digital spirometer developed to diagnose asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we compared the performance of ...

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Sinomenine attenuates pulmonary fibrosis by downregulating TGF-β1/Smad3, PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways

Since COVID-19 became a global epidemic disease in 2019, pulmonary fibrosis (PF) has become more prevalent among persons with severe infections, with IPF being the most prevalent form. In traditional Chinese m...

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PaCO₂ is nonlinearly associated with NIV failure in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure

To explore the association between PaCO₂ and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) failure in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure.

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The value of dynamic FDG PET/CT in the differential diagnosis of lung cancer and predicting EGFR mutations

¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT has been widely used for the differential diagnosis of cancer. Semi-quantitative standardized uptake value (SUV) is known to be affected by multiple factors and may make it di....

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The acute effect of inhaled nitric oxide on the exercise capacity of patients with advanced interstitial lung disease: a randomized controlled trial

Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) selectively acts on the pulmonary vasculature of ventilated lung tissue by reducing pulmonary vascular resistance and intrapulmonary shunt. This effect may reduce ventilation/perfusi...

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Relationship between dietary live microbe intake and the prevalence of COPD in adults: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 2013–2018

To explore the potential association between dietary live microbes and the prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD).

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Simvastatin attenuates silica-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in rats via the AMPK-NOX pathway

Simvastatin (Sim), a hydroxy-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, has been widely used in prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Studies have suggested that Sim exerts anti-fi...

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A novel entity of HIPK2::YAP1 pulmonary fibromatosis

Pulmonary fibromatosis (PF) is a specific variant of fibromatosis, which is rarely reported occurring in the lung. PF with HIPK2-YAP1 fusion was a novel entity.

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Investigating the risk of reintubation by cough force assessment using cough peak expiratory flow: a single-center observational pilot study

No objective indicator exists for evaluating cough strength during extubation of tracheally intubated patients. This study aimed to determine whether cough peak expiratory flow (CPEF) can predict the risk of r...

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Factors associated with non-fatal heart failure and atrial fibrillation or flutter within the first 30 days post COPD exacerbation: a nested case-control study

An immediate, temporal risk of heart failure and arrhythmias after a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) exacerbation has been demonstrated, particularly in the first month post-exacerbation. However,...

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Periodontal disease increases the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a Mendelian randomization study

Recent research suggests that periodontitis can increase the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we performed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and investigated the causa...

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Prevalence and clinical characteristics of Sarcopenia in older adult patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional and follow-up study

The relationship between sarcopenia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been increasingly reported, and there is some overlap regarding their clinical features and pulmonary rehabilitation (PR...

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Assessing the reproducibility and predictive value of objective cough measurement for successful withdrawal of invasive ventilatory support in adult patients

Utilizing clinical tests, such as objective cough measurement, can assist in predicting the success of the weaning process in critically ill patients.

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Effects of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in bronchiectasis and hypercapnia: a retrospective observational study

The effectiveness of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy in patients with bronchiectasis experiencing hypercapnia remains unclear. Our aim was to retrospectively analyze the short-term outcomes of HFNC ther...

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Respiratory Rate Oxygenation (ROX) index as predictor of high flow nasal cannula in pediatric patients in pediatric intensive care unit

High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is often used in pediatric populations with respiratory distress. In adults, the respiratory-rate oxygenation (ROX) index is used as a predictor of HFNC therapy; however, childre...

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Changes in physical activity in people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis before and after virtual pulmonary rehabilitation: a feasibility study

Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is recommended for the treatment of people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Physical activity is an important health behaviour, closely linked to survival in people with ...

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Changes in fractional exhaled nitric oxide, forced expiratory volume in one second, and forced oscillation technique parameters over three years in adults with bronchial asthma managed under Yokohama Seibu Hospital’s coordinated care system

In western Yokohama, our hospital and primary care clinics manage adults with asthma via a coordinated care system. We investigated the changes in the fractional expired nitric oxide (FeNO), forced expiratory ...

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Efficacy of adjunctive inhaled colistin and tobramycin for ventilator-associated pneumonia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) presents a significant challenge in intensive care units (ICUs). Nebulized antibiotics, particularly colistin and tobramycin, are commonly prescribed for VAP patients. How...

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The effects of real-time waveform analysis software on patient ventilator synchronization during pressure support ventilation: a randomized crossover physiological study

Patient-ventilator asynchrony commonly occurs during pressure support ventilation (PSV). IntelliSync + software (Hamilton Medical AG, Bonaduz, Switzerland) is a new ventilation technology that continuously ana...

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