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  1. Content type: Research article

    In many clinical disorders, there is a relationship between the ratio of the diameter of the main pulmonary artery (mPA) to that of the aorta (Ao) on chest computed tomography (CT). The aim of this study was t...

    Authors: Ji Soo Choi, Sang Hoon Lee, Ah. Young Leem, Joo Han Song, Kyung Soo Chung, Ji Ye Jung, Young Ae Kang, Moo Suk Park, Young Sam Kim, Joon Chang and Song Yee Kim

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:81

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  2. Content type: Case report

    Systemic artery to pulmonary artery fistulas (SA-PAFs), are extremely rare in people without congenital heart disease. In this group of patients pulmonary arterial hypertension was reported in the single case....

    Authors: Wojciech Jacheć, Andrzej Tomasik, Marcin Kurzyna, Radosław Pietura, Adam Torbicki, Jan Głowacki, Ewa Nowalany-Kozielska and Celina Wojciechowska

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:80

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  3. Content type: Research article

    In 2017, Australia experienced its highest levels of influenza virus activity since the 2009 pandemic. This allowed detailed comparison of the characteristics of patients with community and hospital-acquired i...

    Authors: Nikita Parkash, Wendy Beckingham, Patiyan Andersson, Paul Kelly, Sanjaya Senanayake and Nicholas Coatsworth

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:79

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  4. Content type: Research article

    Current clinical practice guidelines for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) conditionally recommend use of pirfenidone and nintedanib. However, an optimal treatment sequence has not been established, and the ...

    Authors: Satoshi Ikeda, Akimasa Sekine, Tomohisa Baba, Takuma Katano, Erina Tabata, Ryota Shintani, Shinko Sadoyama, Hideaki Yamakawa, Tsuneyuki Oda, Ryo Okuda, Hideya Kitamura, Tae Iwasawa, Tamiko Takemura and Takashi Ogura

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:78

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  5. Content type: Research article

    Preventative medication reduces hospitalisations in people with cystic fibrosis (PWCF) but adherence is poor. We assessed the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial of a complex intervention, which combi...

    Authors: Daniel Hind, Sarah J. Drabble, Madelynne A. Arden, Laura Mandefield, Simon Waterhouse, Chin Maguire, Hannah Cantrill, Louisa Robinson, Daniel Beever, Alexander J. Scott, Sam Keating, Marlene Hutchings, Judy Bradley, Julia Nightingale, Mark I. Allenby, Jane Dewar…

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:77

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  6. Content type: Case report

    CFTR modulator therapy with ivacaftor is a treatment option for Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients with at least one copy of a R117H-7T mutation in the CFTR gene. Desirable effects of this therapy are improvement o...

    Authors: Matthias Welsner, Svenja Straßburg, Christian Taube and Sivagurunathan Sutharsan

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:76

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  7. Content type: Study protocol

    Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disease, with a median survival of 2–3 years and variable natural history, characterized by gradual and progressive deterioration. Acute exacerbation of idio...

    Authors: Jean-Marc Naccache, Melissa Montil, Jacques Cadranel, Marine Cachanado, Vincent Cottin, Bruno Crestani, Dominique Valeyre, Benoit Wallaert, Tabassome Simon and Hilario Nunes

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:75

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  9. Content type: Research article

    The presence of emphysema on computed tomography (CT) is associated with an increased frequency of lung cancer, but the postoperative outcomes of patients with pulmonary emphysema are not well known. The objec...

    Authors: Seijiro Sato, Masaya Nakamura, Yuki Shimizu, Tatsuya Goto, Terumoto Koike, Hiroyuki Ishikawa and Masanori Tsuchida

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:73

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  10. Content type: Research article

    Acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease (AE-ILD) is the most serious complication in lung cancer patients with pre-existing ILD receiving chemotherapy. The role of vascular endothelial growth factor (V...

    Authors: Shohei Hamada, Hidenori Ichiyasu, Tokunori Ikeda, Megumi Inaba, Kosuke Kashiwabara, Tomoki Sadamatsu, Nahoko Sato, Kimitaka Akaike, Hiroko Okabayashi, Koichi Saruwatari, Yusuke Tomita, Sho Saeki, Naomi Hirata, Takeshi Yoshinaga and Kazuhiko Fujii

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:72

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  11. Content type: Research article

    Differentiating bacterial from viral pneumonia is important for guiding targeted management and judicious use of antibiotics. We assessed if clinical characteristics and blood inflammatory biomarkers could be ...

    Authors: Mejbah U. Bhuiyan, Christopher C. Blyth, Rachel West, Jurissa Lang, Tasmina Rahman, Caitlyn Granland, Camilla de Gier, Meredith L. Borland, Ruth B. Thornton, Lea-Ann S. Kirkham, Andrew Martin, Peter C. Richmond, David W. Smith, Adam Jaffe and Thomas L. Snelling

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:71

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  12. Content type: Research article

    Defective phagocytosis in alveolar macrophages is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 2 (TRPV2), a type of nonselective ...

    Authors: Hiroaki Masubuchi, Manabu Ueno, Toshitaka Maeno, Koichi Yamaguchi, Kenichiro Hara, Hiroaki Sunaga, Hiroki Matsui, Masahiro Nagasawa, Itaru Kojima, Yuko Iwata, Shigeo Wakabayashi and Masahiko Kurabayashi

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:70

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  13. Content type: Correction

    Following publication of the original

    Authors: Sukyeon Kim, Beomsu Shin, Hyun Lee, Jick Hwan Ha, Kyungjong Lee, Sang-Won Um, Hojoong Kim and Byeong-Ho Jeong

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:69

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    The original article was published in BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:14

  14. Content type: Research article

    Risk of exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) associated with biomass smoke has not been well addressed, although biomass smoke is similar in composition to tobacco smoke.

    Authors: Jaeyoung Cho, Chang-Hoon Lee, Seung-sik Hwang, Ki Uk Kim, Sang Haak Lee, Hye Yun Park, Seoung Ju Park, Kyung Hoon Min, Yeon-Mok Oh, Kwang Ha Yoo and Ki-Suck Jung

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:68

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  15. Content type: Research article

    Pulmonary Hypertension Association UK (PHA-UK) is the only charity in the UK especially for people affected by pulmonary hypertension (PH). To better understand the impact of PH on patients and carers beyond c...

    Authors: Iain Armstrong, Catherine Billings, David G. Kiely, Janelle Yorke, Carl Harries, Shaun Clayton and Wendy Gin-Sing

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:67

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  17. Content type: Case report

    Fibrosing interstitial lung disease is the poor prognostic non-infectious lung disease by unknown etiology. Here, we present one case developing interstitial pneumonia with fibrosis after treatment of pneumocy...

    Authors: Tetsuya Suzuki, Yukiko Shimoda, Katsuji Teruya, Hiroyuki Gatanaga, Yoshimi Kikuchi, Shinichi Oka and Koji Watanabe

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:65

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  18. Content type: Study protocol

    Asthma is a syndrome composed of heterogeneous disease entities. Although it is agreed that proper asthma endo-typing and appropriate type-specific interventions are crucial in the management of asthma, little...

    Authors: Dong In Suh, Dae Jin Song, Hey-Sung Baek, Meeyong Shin, Young Yoo, Ji-Won Kwon, Gwang Cheon Jang, Hyeon-Jong Yang, Eun Lee, Hwan Soo Kim, Ju-Hee Seo, Sung-Il Woo, Hyung Young Kim, Youn Ho Shin, Ju Suk Lee, Jisun Yoon…

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:64

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  19. Content type: Research article

    Frailty is a state of increased vulnerability that has a significant risk of unfavorable outcomes such as increased dependency and/or death, but little is known about frailty in people with chronic obstructive...

    Authors: Despo Ierodiakonou, Maria Kampouraki, Ioannis Poulonirakis, Polyvios Papadokostakis, Eleftheria Lintovoi, Dimitris Karanassos, Kyriakos Maltezis, Maria Chorti, Evangelos Petrovitsos, Sofia Dimopoulou, Sam Hamind, Ioannis Gialamas, Polyxeni Athanasiou, Vasiliki Bempi, Irene Lambraki and Ioanna Tsiligianni

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:63

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  20. Content type: Research article

    Relationships between low forced vital capacity (FVC), and morbidity have previously been studied but there are no data available for the Caribbean population. This study assessed the association of low FVC wi...

    Authors: Sateesh Sakhamuri, Fallon Lutchmansingh, Donald Simeon, Liane Conyette, Peter Burney and Terence Seemungal

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:62

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  21. Content type: Case report

    Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disease characterized by accumulation of phospholipoproteinaceous material in the alveoli. The presentation is nonspecific but typically includes dyspnea; th...

    Authors: Dacia S. K. Boyce, John W. Lee, Phalgoon Shah, Judy H. Freeman, Matthew C. Aboudara and David C. Hostler

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:61

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  22. Content type: Research article

    Cambodia, a lower middle-income country of about 16 million individuals in southeast Asia, endures a high burden of both tuberculosis and other lower respiratory infections. Differentiating tuberculosis from o...

    Authors: Engi F. Attia, Yaty Pho, Somary Nhem, Chandara Sok, Borady By, Dariven Phann, Huy Nob, Sovanndeth Thann, Sinath Yin, Rachael Noce, Chamrouensann Kim, Joanne Letchford, Thomas Fassier, Sarin Chan and T. Eoin West

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:60

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  23. Content type: Study protocol

    Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death due in large part to our inability to diagnose it at an early and potentially curable stage. Screening for lung cancer via low dose computed tomographic...

    Authors: Ehab Billatos, Fenghai Duan, Elizabeth Moses, Helga Marques, Irene Mahon, Lindsey Dymond, Charles Apgar, Denise Aberle, George Washko and Avrum Spira

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:59

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  24. Content type: Research article

    Airflow obstruction is a hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and is defined as either the ratio between forced expiratory volume in one second and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) < 70% or <...

    Authors: Diana A. van der Plaat, Judith M. Vonk, Lies Lahousse, Kim de Jong, Alen Faiz, Ivana Nedeljkovic, Najaf Amin, Cleo C. van Diemen, Guy G. Brusselle, Yohan Bossé, Corry-Anke Brandsma, Ke Hao, Peter D. Paré, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Dirkje S. Postma and H. Marike Boezen

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:58

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  25. Content type: Study protocol

    Exercise training is an important component of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programmes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the great majority of COPD patients who would benefit from PR never ...

    Authors: Anja Frei, Thomas Radtke, Kaba Dalla Lana, Julia Braun, Ramona M. Müller and Milo A. Puhan

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:57

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  26. Content type: Research article

    Pneumothorax (PTX) is one of the most common complications of transbronchial biopsy (TBB). Previous research suggests that upper pulmonary lobe TBB may be associated with increased risk of PTX development. The...

    Authors: Vladimir Herout, Michaela Heroutova, Zdenek Merta, Ivan Cundrle Jr and Kristian Brat

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:56

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  27. Content type: Research article

    HOTTIP, a long non-coding RNA located in the HOXA cluster, plays a role in the patterning of tissues with mesodermal components, including the lung. Overexpression of HOXA genes, including HOTTIP, has been associ...

    Authors: Alfons Navarro, Jorge Moises, Sandra Santasusagna, Ramon M. Marrades, Nuria Viñolas, Joan J. Castellano, Jordi Canals, Carmen Muñoz, José Ramírez, Laureano Molins and Mariano Monzo

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:55

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  28. Content type: Research article

    The increasing prevalence and recognition of bronchiectasis in clinical practice necessitates a better understanding of the economic disease burden to improve the management and achieve better clinical and eco...

    Authors: Pieter C. Goeminne, Francisco Hernandez, Roland Diel, Anna Filonenko, Rowena Hughes, Fabian Juelich, George M. Solomon, Alex Upton, Kamonthip Wichmann, Weiwei Xu and James D. Chalmers

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:54

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  29. Content type: Research article

    Studies investigating the role of hyperoxia in critically ill patients have reported conflicting results. We did this analysis to reveal the effect of hyperoxia in the patients admitted to the intensive care u...

    Authors: Yue-Nan Ni, Yan-Mei Wang, Bin-Miao Liang and Zong-An Liang

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:53

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  31. Content type: Research article

    Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is utilized for diagnosing lung infiltrates in immunocompromised. There is heterogeneity in the data and reported diagnostic yields range from 26 to 69%. Therefore, selection crite...

    Authors: Randall Choo, Naser Salman Hamza Naser, Nivedita Vikas Nadkarni and Devanand Anantham

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:51

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  32. Content type: Study protocol

    Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) during 15 h/day or more prolongs survival in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and severe hypoxemia. No randomized controlled trial has evaluated the ne...

    Authors: Josefin Sundh, Anna Bornefalk-Hermansson, Zainab Ahmadi, Anders Blomberg, Christer Janson, David C. Currow, Christine F. McDonald, Nikki McCaffrey and Magnus Ekström

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:50

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  33. Content type: Case report

    The term hepatopulmonary syndrome typically applies to cyanosis that results from “intrapulmonary vascular dilatation” due to advanced liver disease. Similar findings may result from a congenital portosystemic sh...

    Authors: Mohammed T. Alsamri, Mohamed A. Hamdan, Mohamed Sulaiman, Hassib Narchi and Abdul-Kader Souid

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:49

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  34. Content type: Case report

    Pulmonary non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is rare. The most frequent subtype of pulmonary NHL is low-grade B-cell lymphoma, such as lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoma tissue. Extranodal natural killer cell/T-ce...

    Authors: Tomohiro Yabushita, Satoshi Yoshioka, Takeru Furumiya, Momoko Nakamura, Daisuke Yamashita, Yukihiro Imai and Takayuki Ishikawa

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:48

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  35. Content type: Research article

    In patients with non-HIV Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PjP), computed tomography imaging reveals ground grass opacities (GGO). Previous reports show that some patients with non-HIV PjP exhibit GGO with crazy ...

    Authors: Shogo Kumagai, Machiko Arita, Takashi Koyama, Takao Kumazawa, Daiki Inoue, Atsushi Nakagawa, Yusuke Kaji, Kenjiro Furuta, Motonari Fukui, Keisuke Tomii, Yoshio Taguchi, Hiromi Tomioka and Tadashi Ishida

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:47

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  36. Content type: Case report

    Opportunistic infections, while well studied in the AIDS population, continue to have variable and surprising presentations. Here, we present a case of disseminated histoplasmosis with disseminated nontubercul...

    Authors: Julian Choi, Kia Nikoomanesh, Jusleen Uppal and Sharon Wang

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:46

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  37. Content type: Research article

    The incidence of pneumonia in Korea started to increase in the 1990’s after a period of decrease and stabilization, and the mortality and hospitalization rates for pneumonia in Korea are alarmingly high. This ...

    Authors: Agnus M. Kim, Sungchan Kang, Jong Heon Park, Tae Ho Yoon and Yoon Kim

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:45

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  38. Content type: Case report

    Postpneumonectomy-like syndrome is a rare condition resulting from unilateral lung disease with severe lung volume loss leading to excessive mediastinal shift and herniation of the healthy lung into the contra...

    Authors: Athanasios K. Konstantinidis, Vlasios V. Vitsas, Konstantinos Tatsis, Thomas Vadivoulis, Apostolos Kittas, Christos Chronis, Vanesa Bellou, Ioannis N. Vamvakaris, Rodoula Tringidou and Grigoris K. Stratakos

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:44

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  39. Content type: Research article

    During invasive ventilation, the upper airway is bypassed and no longer participates in humidification of inspired gases, which is essential to avoid harmful consequences such as endotracheal tube occlusion. I...

    Authors: Noémie Haziot, Mohamed Ibrahim, Kaixian Zhu, Charles-Philippe Thevenin, Sebastien Hardy and Jésus Gonzalez-Bermejo

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:43

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  40. Content type: Research article

    Aerosol delivery through a nasal high flow (NHF) system is attractive for clinicians as it allows for simultaneous administration of oxygen and inhalable drugs. However, delivering a fine particle fraction (FP...

    Authors: Martin Wallin, Patricia Tang, Rachel Yoon Kyung Chang, Mingshi Yang, Warren H. Finlay and Hak-Kim Chan

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:42

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  41. Content type: Case report

    Pulmonary carcinoids are included in the group of neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and derive from pulmonary neuroendocrine cells. The incidence of these tumors is increasing, but disease awareness remains low amon...

    Authors: Abdulrahman Hakami, Evita Zwartkruis, Teodora Radonic and Johannes M. A. Daniels

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:41

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  42. Content type: Research article

    Although there are theoretical reasons for believing that asthma and atopy may be negatively correlated with tuberculosis, epidemiological studies have had conflicting findings.

    Authors: Anthony L. Byrne, Ben J. Marais, Carole D. Mitnick, Frances L. Garden, Leonid Lecca, Carmen Contreras, Yaninna Yauri, Fanny Garcia and Guy B. Marks

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:40

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  43. Content type: Research article

    Diffuse lung diseases (DLD) are characterized by different immunophenotypes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of BALF NK and NKT cell counts of patients with...

    Authors: Oksana Sokhatska, Eva Padrão, Bernardo Sousa-Pinto, Marília Beltrão, Patrícia Caetano Mota, Natália Melo, Luís Delgado and António Morais

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:39

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  44. Content type: Research article

    Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) is a rare inflammatory lung disease. Previous studies have shown that most patients with AEP are aged 20 to 40 years, whereas several case studies have included older patient...

    Authors: Koshi Ota, Yusuke Sasabuchi, Hiroki Matsui, Taisuke Jo, Kiyohide Fushimi and Hideo Yasunaga

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:38

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  45. Content type: Research article

    In the Berlin definition, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is stratified into three stages according to oxygenation severity at the onset. The relevance between ARDS severity and prognosis varies amo...

    Authors: Tetsuro Kamo, Sadatomo Tasaka, Takeshi Suzuki, Takanori Asakura, Shoji Suzuki, Kazuma Yagi, Ho Namkoong, Makoto Ishii, Hiroshi Morisaki and Tomoko Betsuyaku

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:37

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  46. Content type: Research article

    Bronchoscopy plays a key role to diagnose the etiology, to localize the site, and to identify the sources of the bleeding in patients with hemoptysis, but the ideal timing of an endoscopic examination is still...

    Authors: Michele Mondoni, Paolo Carlucci, Giuseppe Cipolla, Alessandro Fois, Stefano Gasparini, Silvia Marani, Stefano Centanni and Giovanni Sotgiu

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:36

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  47. Content type: Research article

    Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels largely determine pulmonary fibrosis. Antioxidants have been found to ameliorate lung fibrosis after long-term paraquat (PQ) exposure. The effects of antioxidants, however,...

    Authors: Ming-wei Liu, Mei-xian Su, Deng-yun Tang, Li Hao, Xiang-Han Xun and Yun-qiao Huang

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:35

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  48. Content type: Case report

    Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (HIES) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder defined by high serum immunoglobulin E titers that is associated with recurrent respiratory infections, formation of pneumoatoc...

    Authors: Aaron Hakim, Isabel S. Bazan, Mamadou L. Sanogo, Edward P. Manning, Jeffrey S. Pollak and Geoffrey L. Chupp

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:34

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  49. Content type: Research article

    Self-expandable metallic stents (SEMSs) have enabled a approving management of malignant airway stenosis. However, the long-term efficacy and safety of this treatment in patients with benign airway stricture a...

    Authors: Xiao-feng Xiong, Li Xu, Li-li Fan, De-yun Cheng and Bi-xia Zheng

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:33

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  50. Content type: Research article

    Health-related quality of life (HRQL) in respiratory diseases has been generally investigated in clinical settings, focusing on a single disorder. In this study on a general population sample, we assessed the ...

    Authors: Veronica Cappa, Alessandro Marcon, Gianfranco Di Gennaro, Liliya Chamitava, Lucia Cazzoletti, Cristina Bombieri, Morena Nicolis, Luigi Perbellini, Silvia Sembeni, Roberto de Marco, Francesco Spelta, Marcello Ferrari and Maria Elisabetta Zanolin

    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019 19:32

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