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  1. Zambia is currently experiencing an epidemiological transition, from communicable to non-communicable diseases. The annual rate of physician-diagnosed asthma is estimated at 3 %. However, the general public’s ...

    Authors: Emilia Jumbe Marsden, Somwe Wa Somwe, Chishala Chabala, Joan B. Soriano, Cesar Picado Vallès and Julio Anchochea
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:33

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:44

  2. Paradoxical inflammations during anti-TNF-α therapy are defined as adverse effects such as psoriasiform skin lesions, uveitis and sarcoidosis-like granulomas induced by immune reactions, not by infectious agen...

    Authors: Tadahisa Numakura, Tsutomu Tamada, Masayuki Nara, Soshi Muramatsu, Koji Murakami, Toshiaki Kikuchi, Makoto Kobayashi, Miho Muroi, Tatsuma Okazaki, Sho Takagi, Yoshinobu Eishi and Masakazu Ichinose
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:30
  3. Acute stroke patients suffering from aspiration may present with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). There is still a lack of convincing data about the efficacy of corticosteroids in the treatment of a...

    Authors: Jiang-nan Zhao, Yao Liu and Huai-chen Li
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:29
  4. Despite inhaled medications that decrease exacerbation risk, some COPD patients experience frequent exacerbations. We determined prospective risk factors for exacerbations among subjects in the COPDGene Study ...

    Authors: Robert Busch, MeiLan K. Han, Russell P. Bowler, Mark T. Dransfield, J Michael Wells, Elizabeth A. Regan and Craig P. Hersh
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:28
  5. Cigarette smoking-induced oxidative stress is known to be a key mechanism in COPD pathogenesis. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a central transcription factor that regulates the antioxida...

    Authors: Kazuhiro Yamada, Kazuhisa Asai, Fumihiro Nagayasu, Kanako Sato, Naoki Ijiri, Naoko Yoshii, Yumiko Imahashi, Tetsuya Watanabe, Yoshihiro Tochino, Hiroshi Kanazawa and Kazuto Hirata
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:27
  6. The failure of current Standard Short-Course Chemotherapy (SCC) in new and previously treated cases with tuberculosis (TB) was mainly due to drug resistance development. But little is known on the characterist...

    Authors: Jingtao Gao, Yan Ma, Jian Du, Guofeng Zhu, Shouyong Tan, Yanyong Fu, Liping Ma, Lianying Zhang, Feiying Liu, Daiyu Hu, Yanling Zhang, Xiangqun Li, Liang Li and Qi Li
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:26
  7. Oxygen desaturation during exercise is common in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of the study is to determine, in people with COPD who desaturate during exercise, whether supp...

    Authors: Jennifer A Alison, Zoe J McKeough, Sue C Jenkins, Anne E Holland, Kylie Hill, Norman R Morris, Regina WM Leung, Kathleen A Williamson, Lissa M Spencer, Catherine J Hill, Annemarie L Lee, Helen Seale, Nola Cecins and Christine F McDonald
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:25
  8. The differential diagnosis of a mediastinal mass is a common challenge in clinical practice, with a wide range of differential diagnosis to be considered. One of the rarer causes is tuberculosis. Atypical pres...

    Authors: S. Maguire, S. H. Chotirmall, V. Parihar, L. Cormican, C. Ryan, C O’Keane, K. Redmond and C. Smyth
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:24
  9. Multidisciplinary meetings (MDM) are the current “gold standard” in interstitial lung disease (ILD) diagnosis and comprise inter-disciplinary discussion of multiple forms of information to provide diagnostic a...

    Authors: Helen E. Jo, Tamera J. Corte, Yuben Moodley, Kovi Levin, Glen Westall, Peter Hopkins, Daniel Chambers and Ian Glaspole
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:22
  10. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a progressive disease. For patients with operable CTEPH, there is a clear recommendation for surgical removal of persistent thrombi by pulmonary endarte...

    Authors: Daniel Dumitrescu, Felix Gerhardt, Thomas Viethen, Matthias Schmidt, Eckhard Mayer and Stephan Rosenkranz
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:21
  11. Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a fibroinflammatory disorder that may involve single or multiple organs. Biopsy-proven lung involvement of this disease is occasionally reported, but not well und...

    Authors: Xuefeng Sun, Hongrui Liu, Ruie Feng, Min Peng, Xiaomeng Hou, Ping Wang, Hanping Wang, Wenbing Xu and Juhong Shi
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:20
  12. Mycobacterial infections remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Due to limitations of the currently available model systems, there are still comparably large gaps in the knowledge abo...

    Authors: Dariimaa Ganbat, Sophie Seehase, Elvira Richter, Ekkehard Vollmer, Norbert Reiling, Kurt Fellenberg, Karoline I. Gaede, Christian Kugler and Torsten Goldmann
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:19
  13. Conventional spirometric parameters have shown poor correlation with symptoms and health status of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While it is well-known that the pattern of the expiratory flow-v...

    Authors: Jungsil Lee, Choon-Taek Lee, Jae Ho Lee, Young-Jae Cho, Jong Sun Park, Yeon-Mok Oh, Sang-Do Lee and Ho Il Yoon
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:18

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:115

  14. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, progressive, fatal vascular disorder. Genetic predisposition plays vital roles in the development of PAH, with most mutations being identified in genes involved...

    Authors: Guoliang Wang, Rui Fan, Ruirui Ji, Wenxin Zou, Daniel J. Penny, Nidhy P. Varghese and Yuxin Fan
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:17
  15. The Lung Cancer Risk Test (LCRT) trial is a prospective cohort study comparing lung cancer incidence among persons with a positive or negative value for the LCRT, a 15 gene test measured in normal bronchial ep...

    Authors: E. L. Crawford, A. Levin, F. Safi, M. Lu, A. Baugh, X. Zhang, J. Yeo, S. A. Khuder, A. M. Boulos, P. Nana-Sinkam, P. P. Massion, D. A. Arenberg, D. Midthun, P. J. Mazzone, S. D. Nathan, R. Wainz…
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:16
  16. Many patients with bronchiectasis have recurrent hospitalisations for infective exacerbations. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is known to be associated with increased in-hospital mortality. This study examined the ...

    Authors: Masao Iwagami, Kathryn Mansfield, Jennifer Quint, Dorothea Nitsch and Laurie Tomlinson
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:14
  17. Precision and accuracy assurance in cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) facilitates multicenter clinical trials by maximizing statistical power and minimizing participant risk. Current guidelines recommend...

    Authors: Janos Porszasz, Susan Blonshine, Robert Cao, Heather A. Paden, Richard Casaburi and Harry B. Rossiter
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:13
  18. Serious inhaler technique errors can impair drug delivery to the lungs. This randomised, crossover, open-label study evaluated the proportion of patients making predefined serious errors with Pulmojet compared...

    Authors: Henry Chrystyn, David B. Price, Mathieu Molimard, John Haughney, Sinthia Bosnic-Anticevich, Federico Lavorini, John Efthimiou, Dawn Shan, Erika Sims, Anne Burden, Catherine Hutton and Nicolas Roche
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:12
  19. The prevalence of asthma and other allergic diseases among children living in Eastern is not well described. Our objective was to estimate and compare the prevalence of asthma, respiratory symptoms and allergi...

    Authors: Grzegorz Brozek, Joshua Lawson, Andrei Shpakou, Olga Fedortsiv, Leonid Hryshchuk, Donna Rennie and Jan Zejda
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:11
  20. ‘Living with IPF and an exploration of Esbriet® – a new treatment’ was an exploratory, qualitative, real-world survey of European patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) who were receiving treatment ...

    Authors: Anne-Marie Russell, Elena Ripamonti and Carlo Vancheri
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:10
  21. As-needed formoterol can effectively relieve asthma symptoms. Since budesonide/formoterol is available as maintenance and reliever therapy in Asia, formoterol is now being used as-needed, but always with conco...

    Authors: Qi Jian Cheng, Shao-Guang Huang, Yu Zhi Chen, Jiang-Tao Lin, Xin Zhou, Bao-Yuan Chen, Yu-Lin Feng, Xia Ling and Malcolm R. Sears
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:8
  22. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a form of chronic fibrosing interstitial pneumonia characterized by progressive worsening of dyspnea and lung function, with a poor prognosis. The objective of this study...

    Authors: Ferran Morell, Dirk Esser, Jonathan Lim, Susanne Stowasser, Alba Villacampa, Diana Nieves and Max Brosa
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:7
  23. Release of ambient metals during ferroalloy production may be an important source of environmental exposure for nearby communities and exposure to these metals has been linked to adverse respiratory outcomes. ...

    Authors: Maria José Rosa, Chiara Benedetti, Marco Peli, Filippo Donna, Marco Nazzaro, Chiara Fedrighi, Silvia Zoni, Alessandro Marcon, Neil Zimmerman, Rosalind Wright and Roberto Lucchini
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:6
  24. Combination therapy is frequently used to treat patients with pulmonary hypertension but few studies have compared treatment regimens. This study examined the long-term effect of different combination regimens...

    Authors: Henning Gall, Natascha Sommer, Katrin Milger, Manuel J. Richter, Robert Voswinckel, Dirk Bandorski, Werner Seeger, Friedrich Grimminger and Hossein-Ardeschir Ghofrani
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:5
  25. Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a rare, progressive disease that affects patients and their loved ones on many levels. We sought to better understand the needs and interests of PF patients and their loved ones (col...

    Authors: Karen Albright, Tarik Walker, Susan Baird, Linda Eres, Tara Farnsworth, Kaitlin Fier, Dolly Kervitsky, Marjorie Korn, David J. Lederer, Mark McCormick, John F. Steiner, Thomas Vierzba, Frederick S. Wamboldt and Jeffrey J. Swigris
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:4
  26. Omalizumab (Xolair®), a recombinant monoclonal anti-IgE antibody, has demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials conducted in patients with moderate to severe persistent allergic asthma. We aimed to investigate ...

    Authors: Hao-Cheng Chen, Chien-Da Huang, Erin Chang and Han-Pin Kuo
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:3
  27. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating condition with a variable course. Not uncommonly, IPF patients are hospitalized for respiratory-related causes, including disease worsening. This study aime...

    Authors: Karina Raimundo, Eunice Chang, Michael S. Broder, Kimberly Alexander, James Zazzali and Jeffrey J. Swigris
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:2
  28. Influenza B virus infection is generally considered to be mild and is rarely associated pulmonary cardiovascular involvement in adults. However fatal complications may occur.

    Authors: Hsu-Liang Chang, Jui-Feng Hsu, Ying-Ming Tsai, Shang-Yi Lin, Hsuan-Fu Kuo and Chih-Jen Yang
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2016 16:1
  29. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare and serious disease characterized by progressive lung-function loss. Limited evidence has been published on the impact of lung-function loss on subsequent patient ...

    Authors: William M. Reichmann, Yanni F. Yu, Dendy Macaulay, Eric Q. Wu and Steven D. Nathan
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:167
  30. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is widely used to perform mediastinal lymph node sampling. However, little information is available on polymerase chain reaction for My...

    Authors: Jung Seop Eom, Jeong Ha Mok, Min Ki Lee, Kwangha Lee, Min Ji Kim, Sun Mi Jang, Hae Jung Na, Seung Eon Song, Geewon Lee, Eun-Jung Jo, Mi-Hyun Kim, Ki Uk Kim and Hye-Kyung Park
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:166
  31. Fluticasone furoate (FF)/vilanterol (VI) is a once daily (OD) inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-agonist combination asthma therapy approved in Japan and the EU. FF/VI efficacy and safety data from asthma stud...

    Authors: Annette S. Gross, Caroline Goldfrad, Soichiro Hozawa, Mark H. James, Christine S. Clifton, Yutaro Sugiyama and Loretta Jacques
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:165
  32. Biodegradable stents that disintegrate after a period of time are expected to be well tolerated and have advantages over other stents that are more commonly used in practice today. Polydioxanone is a biodegrad...

    Authors: Ludek Stehlik, Vladislav Hytych, Jana Letackova, Petr Kubena and Martina Vasakova
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:164
  33. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis acute exacerbation (IPF-AE) constitutes IPF’s most devastating event, representing the unexpected superimposition of diffuse alveolar damage of unknown etiology. Guidelines recomm...

    Authors: Spyros A Papiris, Konstantinos Kagouridis, Likurgos Kolilekas, Andriana I Papaioannou, Aneza Roussou, Christina Triantafillidou, Katerina Baou, Katerina Malagari, Stylianos Argentos, Anastasia Kotanidou, Anna Karakatsani and Effrosyni D Manali
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:162
  34. Persistent airway infection is a hallmark feature of cystic fibrosis (CF). However, increasingly it has been observed that non-classical pathogens may transiently infect CF lower airways. Streptococcus pyogenes (...

    Authors: Kate Skolnik, Austin Nguyen, Ranjani Somayaji, Christina S. Thornton, Barbara Waddell, Michael G. Surette, Harvey R. Rabin and Michael D. Parkins
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:161
  35. Novel therapies need to be evaluated in normal clinical practice to allow a true representation of the treatment effectiveness in real-world settings.

    Authors: Ashley Woodcock, Nawar Diar Bakerly, John P. New, J. Martin Gibson, Wei Wu, Jørgen Vestbo and David Leather
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:160
  36. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM-ILD) is often refractory and rapidly progressive. Although the anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (anti-...

    Authors: Satoshi Ikeda, Machiko Arita, Mitsunori Morita, Satoshi Ikeo, Akihiro Ito, Fumiaki Tokioka, Maki Noyama, Kenta Misaki, Kenji Notohara and Tadashi Ishida
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:159
  37. Pulmonary deterioration after B.cepacia complex (BCC) colonization has a heterogeneous pattern. The aim was to investigate the clinical outcome of BCC colonization in CF patients chronically colonized with P. aer...

    Authors: Tania Wrobel Folescu, Claudia Henrique da Costa, Renata Wrobel Folescu Cohen, Orlando Carlos da Conceição Neto, Rodolpho Mattos Albano and Elizabeth Andrade Marques
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:158
  38. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory disorder partially resistant to glucocorticoids. A reduced histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity has been proposed to explain this resistance. Haemoph...

    Authors: Borja G. Cosío, Andreas Jahn, Amanda Iglesias, Hanaa Shafiek, Xavier Busquets and Alvar Agustí
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:157
  39. Cardiovascular comorbidity in COPD is common and contributes to increased mortality. A few population-based studies indicate that ischemic electrocardiogram (ECG)-changes are more prevalent in COPD, while othe...

    Authors: Ulf Nilsson, Bengt Johansson, Berne Eriksson, Anders Blomberg, Bo Lundbäck and Anne Lindberg
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:156
  40. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, fibrotic interstitial lung disease of unknown origin. It has a median survival of three years but a wide range in survival rate which is difficult to predict a...

    Authors: Cathy Sampson, Ben Hope Gill, Nicholas Kim Harrison, Annmarie Nelson and Anthony Byrne
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:155
  41. Asthma and COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) lead to persistent airway inflammation and are associated with lung cancer. The objective of the study was to assess the relationship between inhaled (IC...

    Authors: Zhi-Hong Jian, Jing-Yang Huang, Frank Cheau-Feng Lin, Oswald Ndi Nfor, Kai-Ming Jhang, Wen-Yuan Ku, Chien-Chang Ho, Chia-Chi Lung, Hui-Hsien Pan, Yu-Chiu Liang, Ming-Fang Wu and Yung-Po Liaw
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:154
  42. To date, diagnosis of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) remains difficult and challenging. We systematically evaluated the diagnostic performance of nasal Nitric Oxide (nNO) measurement for the detection of PCD...

    Authors: Panayiotis Kouis, Stefania I. Papatheodorou and Panayiotis K. Yiallouros
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:153
  43. F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) is increasingly used for the initial staging and restaging of lung cancer. Incidental gastrointestinal findings are often obs...

    Authors: Juliette Vella-Boucaud, Dimitri Papathanassiou, Olivier Bouche, Alain Prevost, Thibault Lestra, Sandra Dury, Hervé Vallerand, Jeanne-Marie Perotin, Claire Launois, Louis Boissiere, Mathilde Brasseur, François Lebargy and Gaëtan Deslee
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:152
  44. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between pulmonary exacerbations and physical activity (PA) in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF).

    Authors: Daniela Savi, Nicholas Simmonds, Marcello Di Paolo, Serena Quattrucci, Paolo Palange, Winston Banya, Nicholas S. Hopkinson and Diana Bilton
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:151
  45. YKL-40 is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein with a significant role in tissue inflammation and remodeling. MIP-1a has chemotactic and pro-inflammatory properties, and is induced by YKL-40 in several lung di...

    Authors: Tonia Adamidi, Nikolaos Soulitzis, Eirini Neofytou, Savvas Zannetos, Andreas Georgiou, Kleomenis Benidis, Alexis Papadopoulos, Nikolaos M. Siafakas and Sophia E. Schiza
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:150
  46. Pneumococcal pneumonia is the most common form of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Although a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine has contributed to a reduction in the incidence of pneumococcal pneumonia among o...

    Authors: Nobuhiro Akuzawa and Hiroshi Naito
    Citation: BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015 15:149

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